Aging & Longevity

NAD + homeostasis is an important determinant of lifespan and may be a key mechanism of caloric restriction (CR) expansion of lifespan. Ketone bodies such as beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) that regulate NAD + abundance and NAD + precursors such nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), are known to extend life in experimental animals and ameliorate age-related conditions in humans. We tested the hypothesis that chronic BHB and NMN exposure can extend lifespan similarly to the effect of CR treatment in a...

CONCLUSION: Compared to patients with other serious illnesses, a relatively large portion of patients with advanced cancer reported that their treatment discordantly focused on longevity over comfort despite their goal to prioritize comfort over longevity.

Aging and neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by cognitive decline, impaired neuroplasticity, and epigenetic dysregulation. Curcumin, a bioactive polyphenol derived from Curcuma longa, has gained significant attention for its neuroprotective properties, particularly in enhancing cognitive function through epigenetic mechanisms. This review explores the multifaceted role of curcumin in modulating key molecular pathways involved in neuroplasticity, including histone modifications, DNA...

The hippocampus has been widely implicated in the neurobiology of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. This structure is heterogeneous, however, and comprised of multiple subregions that have different connectivity patterns and functions. Better understanding how these subregions are affected by age and their relationship with neurocognition could provide information regarding how alterations in normal trajectories play a role in disease and cognitive dysfunction. Using natural splines we...

Emerging digitally delivered non-pharmacological interventions (dNPIs) offer scalable, low-risk solutions for enhancing cognitive function in older adults, yet their effectiveness remains inconsistent due to a lack of personalization and precise mechanisms of action. Generic, population-based designs often fail to predict individual gains, underscoring the need for more tailored approaches. To address this, we propose a closed-loop human-machine interface (HMI) framework for personalizing dNPIs...

Cellular senescence restrains the expansion of neoplastic cells through several layers of regulation. We report that the histone H3-specific demethylase KDM4 is expressed as human stromal cells undergo senescence. In clinical oncology, upregulated KDM4 and diminished H3K9/H3K36 methylation correlate with poorer survival of patients with prostate cancer after chemotherapy. Global chromatin accessibility mapping via assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing, and...

Aging is a multifactorial biological process resulting in physiological and cellular decline. However, our understanding of age-related changes in 3D genome organization and the effect of external interventions on this process remains limited. Here, we describe alterations in the landscape of the 3D chromatin interactome upon aging, utilizing the low-input promoter capture Hi-C (liCHi-C) technique with mouse hippocampal neurons. We also integrated liCHi-C data with RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data...

CONCLUSIONS: Liver chemistries in community-dwelling older adults with normal nutritional status were within the normal reference range used for adults. There were small but statistically significant differences with age, sex, and intensity of statin therapy. ALT declined with age, and further prospective studies are required to determine cut-offs for increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes.

The Haber-Bosch process is used for industrial ammonia production worldwide, and it accounts for ~2% of the global energy consumption and 1.3% anthropogenic carbon footprint. Ammonia synthesis under ambient conditions with minimum carbon emission is highly desired, but it is still in the initial stage. Herein, we report a cobalt-based catalyst for ammonia continuous synthesis under ambient conditions via mechanochemistry. To describe mechanochemistry of ammonia synthesis, density functional...

CONCLUSION: As increasing age was associated with lower odds of successful aging, older adults could be encouraged to maintain partnerships, engage in some form of employment or volunteer activities, and participate in physical activity to promote successful aging.

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated a linear association between age and malnutrition in Chinese oldest-old populations and indicated interaction effects of cigarette smoking, red meat consumption, and vegetable consumption on malnutrition. Food consumption is related to nutritional status as a key element in age-malnutrition association. An in-depth understanding of food and nutrition in older adults could help establish evidence-based recommendations to increase survival rate.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), as a globally recognized phytomedicinal approach, has made significant contributions to healthcare and anti-aging research worldwide. Jingfang Granule (JFG), an established TCM preparation in China, was demonstrated to exert effects on prolonging lifespan and healthspan via the Caenorhabditis elegans model in this study. We employed RNA-seq analysis to investigate the complex genetic interactions through which JFG extends the lifespan of C. elegans. We...

Aging is a complex biochemical phenomenon that considerably impacts both individual health and societal dynamics. Recent researches have emphasized the essential function of metabolism in the processes of aging and longevity. Metabolites-chemical byproducts produced by the host organism and its symbiotic partners, including the microbiota, are generated through numerous metabolic pathways. In the last fifteen years, major progress has been made in elucidating the metabolism of BCAAs and the...

BACKGROUND: Urbanisation and ageing populations are global challenges for ageing well. This mixed-methods study examines the health and social needs of older adults in urban areas in Berlin, Germany and in Singapore, focusing on three key dimensions of healthy ageing and wellbeing: health, mobility, loneliness, and equity as a cross-cutting theme.

B cell lymphomas arise from mutations that disrupt normal germinal center B cell programs and promote a microenvironment that fosters aberrant proliferation and immune escape. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Hesterberg et al. show that lymphoma accelerates T cell aging by transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming that mirrors physiological aging.

The combined effects of aging and cancer on immune cells were investigated in young versus aged mice harboring B cell lymphoma, and in T cells from young and aged B cell lymphoma patients. These analyses revealed that lymphoma alone is sufficient to trigger transcriptional, epigenetic, and phenotypic alterations in young T cells that manifest in aged T cells. In contrast, aged T cells are largely resistant to lymphoma-induced changes. Pathway analyses revealed open chromatin regions and genes...

Platinum-group metals (Pt) commonly used in thermal catalytic processes often suffer from catalyst deactivation, such as Pt sintering, Pt overoxidation, and Pt loss under high-temperature conditions. To address these, we present a novel Pt(SA)/CeZrO(2) catalyst, featuring isolated Pt single atoms (Pt(SA)) on a Ce(0.8)Zr(0.2)O(2) support with an ordered macroporous (OM) structure. Firstly, Zr-stabilized dynamic low-coordinated Pt(SA) releases more free d-electrons by reducing Pt-O bond...

While mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a risk factor for dementia, it is currently impossible to predict which patients will go on to develop dementia or Alzheimer's disease. Given the projected global increase in dementia due to an increasingly aging population, there is an urgent need to develop pharmacological therapies to reduce symptoms of MCI, and to help delay its possible progression to dementia. Choline alphoscerate is a cholinergic precursor naturally found in the brain that has been...

CONCLUSION: These findings highlight the role of vascular inflammation, autonomic dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances in hippocampal atrophy, with hippocampal vessel velocity serving as a key mediator. This insight advances our understanding of cerebrovascular contributions to hippocampal structural integrity and cognitive health.

INTRODUCTION: Skilled bimanual coordination is an essential component of activities of daily living that relies on complex interactions between the limbs, yet how age-related changes impact asymmetries in visuomotor control during these tasks remains largely unknown. In the present study, we examined both motor performance and visual attention distribution in non-rhythmic continuous bimanual tasks and investigated the effect of aging.