Aging & Longevity

BACKGROUND: Urbanisation and ageing populations are global challenges for ageing well. This mixed-methods study examines the health and social needs of older adults in urban areas in Berlin, Germany and in Singapore, focusing on three key dimensions of healthy ageing and wellbeing: health, mobility, loneliness, and equity as a cross-cutting theme.

B cell lymphomas arise from mutations that disrupt normal germinal center B cell programs and promote a microenvironment that fosters aberrant proliferation and immune escape. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Hesterberg et al. show that lymphoma accelerates T cell aging by transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming that mirrors physiological aging.

The combined effects of aging and cancer on immune cells were investigated in young versus aged mice harboring B cell lymphoma, and in T cells from young and aged B cell lymphoma patients. These analyses revealed that lymphoma alone is sufficient to trigger transcriptional, epigenetic, and phenotypic alterations in young T cells that manifest in aged T cells. In contrast, aged T cells are largely resistant to lymphoma-induced changes. Pathway analyses revealed open chromatin regions and genes...

Platinum-group metals (Pt) commonly used in thermal catalytic processes often suffer from catalyst deactivation, such as Pt sintering, Pt overoxidation, and Pt loss under high-temperature conditions. To address these, we present a novel Pt(SA)/CeZrO(2) catalyst, featuring isolated Pt single atoms (Pt(SA)) on a Ce(0.8)Zr(0.2)O(2) support with an ordered macroporous (OM) structure. Firstly, Zr-stabilized dynamic low-coordinated Pt(SA) releases more free d-electrons by reducing Pt-O bond...

While mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a risk factor for dementia, it is currently impossible to predict which patients will go on to develop dementia or Alzheimer's disease. Given the projected global increase in dementia due to an increasingly aging population, there is an urgent need to develop pharmacological therapies to reduce symptoms of MCI, and to help delay its possible progression to dementia. Choline alphoscerate is a cholinergic precursor naturally found in the brain that has been...

CONCLUSION: These findings highlight the role of vascular inflammation, autonomic dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances in hippocampal atrophy, with hippocampal vessel velocity serving as a key mediator. This insight advances our understanding of cerebrovascular contributions to hippocampal structural integrity and cognitive health.

INTRODUCTION: Skilled bimanual coordination is an essential component of activities of daily living that relies on complex interactions between the limbs, yet how age-related changes impact asymmetries in visuomotor control during these tasks remains largely unknown. In the present study, we examined both motor performance and visual attention distribution in non-rhythmic continuous bimanual tasks and investigated the effect of aging.

One of the major challenges in modern biogerontology is understanding the accumulation of molecular damage and the manifestation of phenotypic heterogeneity during aging. Notably, genomic instability caused by impaired DNA damage repair along with telomere attrition are primary drivers of aging. However, how these aging-related characteristics differ in individuals who age healthily without developing major age-associated diseases remains unclear. Here, whole genome sequencing (WGS) was...

Reproductive aging is an emerging global health concern, projected to become the third most significant health issue in the near future, according to the World Health Organization. This complex process is driven by molecular and cellular changes, including alterations in DNA, RNA, and protein expression. Among non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been increasingly recognized for their regulatory roles in spermatogenesis and their potential contributions to aging and...

Water droplets, acting as natural bioreactors and optical whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonators, hold the potential for laser-assisted analysis. However, water/aqueous droplet lasers can only survive in air with a limited lifespan (<100 s) due to rapid evaporation, restricting their applications in bioreactions. To address this challenge, we introduce laser-emitting aqueous bioreactors (LEABs) in fluorocarbon oils. These LEABs enable stable laser emission and extend a droplet lifespan over...

The plant immune system utilizes nucleotide-binding/leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins to detect pathogen virulence factors (effectors) inside host cells and transduce recognition to rapid defense. In dicotyledenous plants, pathogen activated Toll-like/interleukin-1 receptor-containing NLRs (TNLs) establish a signaling network of enhanced susceptibility 1 (EDS1)-family dimers with RPW8-type coiled-coil (CC(R)) domain NLRs (RNLs) to stimulate transcriptional reprogramming leading to host cell...

The choroid plexus (ChP) is implicated in inflammation and supports the clearance of waste byproducts, particularly those related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Increases in ChP volume have been associated with older age and cognitive decline in both clinical and healthy cohorts. However, the clearance of waste products in the brain is also related to sleep, and sleep quality may contribute to ChP dysfunction and cognitive decline. In the present work, it was therefore hypothesized...

Black older adults experience worse brain and cognitive aging than White older adults, on average. Racially patterned psychosocial stressors may contribute to these disparities. Maintaining white matter health is important for cognitive aging, particularly among Black older adults, and it is uniquely vulnerable to stress. Examining associations between racial discrimination and white matter may elucidate mechanisms of disparities. A sample of Black older adults in the Washington Heights-Inwood...

Air pollution, a leading environmental health risk, claims millions of lives yearly, impacting health across the lifespan. Despite widespread acknowledgement of air pollution-related disease burdens, eliminating air pollution remains challenging. Many regions are reliant on fossil fuels or biomass for basic survival, and developed economies striving to reduce air pollution face persistent barriers. Climate change complicates intervention efforts, as rising temperatures and extreme weather (for...

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Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is generally expected to stimulate plant carbon (C) sequestration and promote tree growth, thereby mitigating atmospheric CO(2) accumulation. Yet, the magnitude of N deposition contribution to forest productivity remains contentious. While correlative studies suggest substantial plant growth enhancement, controlled fertilization experiments typically demonstrate a limited impact. This discrepancy may arise from whether or not to consider canopy N uptake...

This study aimed to examine the association between energy-adjusted consumption patterns of different types of bread, including whole-grain and white bread, and the risk of sarcopenia in older adults. In this cross-sectional study, sarcopenia was assessed using three tests: appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM), handgrip strength, and gait speed, in 1,325 older adults from the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS), conducted between September 2018 and April 2019. Bread consumption was...

CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to a healthy lifestyle is associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality in older people, especially among those with multimorbidity.

Advanced age is the most important risk factor for severe disease or death from COVID-19, but a thorough mechanistic understanding of the molecular and cellular underpinnings is lacking. Multi-omics analysis of 164 samples from SARS-CoV-2-infected persons aged 1 to 84 years reveals a rewiring of type I interferon (IFN) signaling with a gradual shift from signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) to STAT3 activation in monocytes, CD4^(+) T cells, and B cells with increasing age....

Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a significant neurological complication in aging perioperativepatients, seriously impacting their postoperative recovery and cognition as well as quality of life. The occurrence of PND is closely related to various factors, including neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, while the exact mechanism is still unknown. Mitophagy is a specialized form of autophagy and maintains cellular homeostasis by selectively degrading damaged and dysfunctional...