Aging & Longevity

CONCLUSIONS: The results show a strong association between depression and malnutrition in older people. Malnutrition is a common occurrence among older people, and age is a significant risk factor. Similarly, depression is more common among older people living in nursing homes, and increasing age also raises depression levels. Therefore, future research should focus on conducting randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials to confirm the effectiveness of nutritional interventions and...

CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a substantial and consistent increase in the prevalence of self-reported cognitive disability among older adults in Botswana between 2017 and 2022. This sharp rise likely reflects a combination of measurement differences, changing cultural attitudes, real epidemiological shifts associated with an ageing population and rising non-communicable diseases, and possibly the broader impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings underscore the urgent need for...

Hematopoietic malignancies emerge through the acquisition of genetic mutations within hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Some mutations impart a selective growth advantage to HSPCs, which expand and contribute to mature blood cells. This expansion is termed clonal hematopoiesis (CH). Inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1) protein is a transcriptional regulator of proliferation/differentiation of hematopoietic cells. HSPCs express low levels of Id1 that is induced by growth factors and...

INTRODUCTION: Wayfinding is a cognitive ability that supports accurate spatial navigation and declines in this ability adversely affect independent living in older age. The cognitive map represents environmental details, such as landmark cues, relative to the goal location. Distal cues appear to be less effective than proximal ones in precisely locating the goal. Age-related declines in spatial precision may result in fewer accurate landmark-place details or hinder the differential use of cue...

CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore the importance of considering formal schooling status in cognitive aging research. They also emphasize the need to address educational disparities and promote social and economic well-being, particularly for vulnerable populations, to mitigate the risk of cognitive decline and dementia.

CONCLUSIONS: LPT preferences established in hypothetical scenarios were not associated with health care utilization, cost, or perceived quality of end-of-life. As LPT preferences should influence care, subsequent work, such as understanding preference measurement, real-world preference changes, or the limited opportunity for preferences to influence care, is warranted.

A recent publication presented the results of a survey given to longevity experts that attended the 2022 Systems Aging Gordon Research Conference. Corroborating results from a prior survey and broader discussions in the field, the authors found that there was little consensus on fundamental topics, including what causes aging. While this disagreement is not particularly surprising, the spread of answers to the following prompt was unexpected: "The average lifespan in developed countries will be...

CONCLUSION: Reduced physical activity and accelerated telomere attrition were related with BMD decline, and TL partially mediated the association. These findings suggest that enhancing physical activity could mitigate telomere shortening and promote bone health.

CONCLUSIONS: Regular use of glucosamine was associated with a reduced risk of several age-related chronic diseases. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to clarify its potential role in supporting healthy aging.

Although cognitive changes may not become apparent until after age 65, many factors associated with late-life decline are already well-established in midlife. In particular, deficits in picture naming have been associated with early and accelerated cognitive change. A measure of picture vocabulary, requiring participants to name drawings of objects, was collected in 4 waves (each separated by 2 years) of the Understanding America Study, a nationally representative internet panel (mean follow-up...

Aging increases the risk of a myriad of chronic diseases, which are expensive and difficult to treat owing to their various risk factors. Repurposing existing medications has accelerated the development of therapies aimed at slowing aging. In this study, using IMR90 cells and aged mice, we revealed that enalapril, a drug widely prescribed for hypertension, can improve both cellular senescence and individual health. Mechanistically, phosphorylated Smad1/5/9 act as pivotal mediators of the...

The relationship between the brain and aging remains unclear. Our objective is to explore the causal connections between brain structure,gene expression, and traits associated with aging. Mendelian randomization(MR) analysis was conducted to explore the associations between brain structures and aging-related traits including GrimAge acceleration(GrimAA), PhenoAge acceleration (PhenoAA), HannumAge acceleration(HannumAA), HorvathAge acceleration(HorvathAA), and leukocyte telomere length(LTL). The...

The aim of this study was to establish reference values for the Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST) in a large, population-representative sample from 14 European countries. Data were collected among 45,470 participants aged 50 + years, as part of the 5th wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. The reference values for the FTSST were calculated as the 5th, 10th, 20th, 30th, 40th, 50th, 60th, 70th, 80th, 90th, and the 95th weighted percentile. The analyses were stratified...

Hematopoietic aging is characterized by chronic inflammation associated with myeloid bias, hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) accumulation, and functional HSC impairment. Yet it remains unclear how inflammation promotes aging phenotypes. Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) both responds to and directs inflammation, and we present an experimental model of elevated NF-κB activity ("inhibitor of κB deficient" [IκB^(-)]) to dissect its role in hematopoietic aging phenotypes. We find that while elevated NF-κB...

Mast cells (MC) are long-lived important immune effectors that control inflammation, allergies, and innate immunity reactions, but the expression of specific markers in replicative and stress-induced senescence in this cell type, together with its relevance in vivo, has not been described. Here, bone marrow-derived MCs (BMMC) were generated from young C57BL6/J mice and kept in culture for a long time or treated with the well-known stressor bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to promote...

Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a NAD⁺-dependent deacetylase localized in the mitochondrial matrix, has emerged as a central regulator of aging and age-related pathologies. This review synthesizes evidence demonstrating SIRT3's tripartite anti-senescence mechanisms: 1) Enhancement of mitophagy via p53 deacetylation-mediated mitochondrial quality control, 2) Reinforcement of antioxidant defenses through SOD2/IDH2 activation, and 3) Optimization of metabolic homeostasis by coordinating fatty acid β-oxidation...

Cognitive enhancement and neuroplasticity are interconnected terms. Neuroplasticity is an intrinsic brain capability that enables it to adapt and learn throughout life. It involves significant reorganization of neural circuits which is evident not only during normal human development but also occurs following early injury. As aging exerts a detrimental effect on various bodily systems, the extent of neuroplasticity also declines considerably. Recent evidences emphasize that cognitive enhancement...

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest organelle in eukaryotic cells, and it plays a crucial role in regulating various biological processes, including protein folding, translation, and structural maturation. Accurate protein modification is essential for maintaining oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cellular senescence in the organism. The regulation of protein homeostasis involves three biological processes: endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), endoplasmic reticulum autophagy (ERPA), and...

Biomolecular condensates play wide-ranging roles in cellular compartmentalization and biological processes. However, their transition from a functional liquid-like phase into a solid-like state-usually termed as condensate ageing-represents a hallmark associated with the onset of multiple neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we design a computational pipeline to explore potential candidates, in the form of small peptides, to regulate ageing kinetics in biomolecular condensates. By...

Meiotic maturation of vertebrate oocytes occurs in the near-absence of transcription. Thus, female fertility relies on timely translational activation of maternal transcripts stockpiled in full-grown prophase-I-arrested oocytes. However, how expression of these mRNAs is suppressed to maintain the long-lasting prophase-I arrest remains mysterious. Utilizing fast-acting TRIM-Away, we demonstrate that acute loss of the translation repressor 4E-T triggers spontaneous release from prophase-I arrest...