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Cognitive flexibility supports efficient switching between mental sets and contributes to the preservation of general cognition in aging. It relies on the integration between brain functional dynamics and structural architecture. However, how this structure-function integration changes with age and contributes to cognitive flexibility decline in older adults remains unclear. In this study, we investigated longitudinal aging-related changes in multimodal structure-function integration, quantified...

INTRODUCTION: The human brain exhibits complex functions that emerge from interactions among spatially distributed neural regions. Electroencephalography (EEG) microstate analysis has been widely adopted to capture transient topographies reflecting large-scale network dynamics; moreover, it has been linked to cognitive functions, intrinsic brain networks, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Building on this framework, we recently proposed a novel approach based on instantaneous frequency (IF),...

CONCLUSION: Older women with higher NC values showed greater cardiovascular risk and lower relative muscle strength, but no difference in functional test performance (sit to stand, biceps curl, TUG, and 6MWT performance). These findings support NC as a practical and low-cost anthropometric indicator of cardiovascular risk in older women.

Gut microbiota (GM) plays a crucial role in maintaining health through metabolic, endocrine and immune functions. With ageing, shifts in GM composition, characterised by increased pathogenic and decreased health-promoting bacteria, contribute to dysbiosis, which is linked to several age-related diseases. Given the global trend of increasing sedentary behaviour (SB) and declining physical activity (PA) among older adults, this study aims to explore the relationships between GM and two critical...

CONCLUSIONS: Resilience and social support were independently and jointly associated with cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults. These associations appeared to be stronger in women, although variation by sex was observed. Given the cross-sectional design, the findings should be interpreted as exploratory, and further longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to clarify the role of psychosocial resources in cognitive ageing.

Age-related cognitive and exploratory decline is a hallmark of brain aging across species, yet the evolutionary conservation of specific behavioral phenotypes remains unresolved. Thigmotaxis, the wall-following preference in open-field exploration, serves as a robust index of anxiety and cognitive vulnerability in humans and rodent models of aging and neurodegeneration. Here, we report that house crickets (Acheta domesticus) exhibit steep age-related increases in thigmotaxis, mirroring...

Cognitive decline with age is characterized by impairments in learning, sensory discrimination, and decision-making. While mammalian models have advanced understanding of the neural substrates of aging, their use in large-scale behavioral studies is limited. Invertebrate models, such as the house cricket (Acheta domesticus), offer short lifespans, high throughput, and conserved neurobiological pathways but remain underexplored in geroscience. We developed a dual behavioral paradigm integrating...

Increased napping in later life is a common behaviour shaped by cultural, environmental and biological factors. Although brief naps can enhance alertness and memory, epidemiological evidence suggests that frequent or prolonged daytime sleep in older adults is associated with poorer physical health and accelerated cognitive decline, including episodic memory, possibly due to the underlying circadian disruption of the sleep-wake cycle. In this study, we tested whether restricting nap habits for 12...

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Circadian clocks regulate a myriad of physiological processes rhythmically throughout the day in most organisms. Our study focuses on a relatively less-studied neuropeptide CCHamide1 (CCHa1), expressed in the Drosophila melanogaster gut and the central circadian clock in the brain. We investigated the role of ccha1 on sleep under altered dietary conditions, as well as its impact on metabolism and fitness in Drosophila. We assayed sleep under ad libitum fed, starved and altered protein diets...

Distribution by field is also closer to the norm than last year’s class

ARPA-E’s $135 million in new funds will match its total spending from previous 12 years

Scientific jewelry picks up “forever chemicals” that can harm wildlife and humans