Aggregator

Age-related sarcopenia is characterized by a progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass and function, with satellite cell dysfunction representing a central pathogenic mechanism. Diosgenin, a steroidal saponin derived from plants of the Dioscorea genus, has demonstrated potential anti-aging properties; however, its role in sarcopenia remains unclear. In this study, naturally aged C57BL/6J mice and a D-galactose (D-gal)-induced senescent C2C12 cell model were employed to systematically...

No abstract

CONCLUSION: This study found that better sleep quality was longitudinally associated with better psychological well-being among Chinese older adults over time. The results suggest that enhanced sleep quality among older adults in China is strongly associated with improved psychological well-being.

Christof Koch is taking on one of science’s deepest mysteries: how the brain creates conscious experience, or whether it creates it at all. He argues that materialism has yet to solve this “hard problem” and will explore puzzling phenomena such as near-death experiences and terminal lucidity. His work points toward the possibility that consciousness may be woven into reality itself.

A compound in rice bran may help calm an overactive gut by reducing the calcium signals that cause intestinal muscles to contract. Ferulic acid suppressed contractions triggered by several chemical messengers in laboratory experiments. The discovery could eventually support new dietary approaches for diarrhea-related digestive disorders, although it may make constipation worse.

Alzheimer's disease is increasingly defined by biomarker evidence of amyloid-β and tau pathology, sharpening questions about whether late-life depression contributes to, or instead reflects, this pathology. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published between 2000 and 2025 that compared amyloid-β biomarkers in adults with and without depression, with depression defined by validated clinical diagnoses or symptom rating scales. Twenty-four studies were included, spanning...

US healthcare systems are struggling to meet the growing demand for neurological care, particularly in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Generative artificial intelligence (AI) built on large language models now enables agentic AI systems that can streamline clinical workflows, integrate multimodal data and learn from practicing specialists. We envision an agentic AI system that scales specialist-level care to nonspecialist clinical settings through a continuously learning healthcare...

Decades of structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have documented alterations of gray matter morphometry in psychiatric disorders, but the field has failed to identify any consensus disease phenotypes. Here we examine whether current approaches will ever converge on such phenotypes by evaluating the consistency of brain-wide maps of gray matter volume and cortical thickness differences obtained for each of 59 study sites of five psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia, schizoaffective...

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Taiwan's experience highlights the feasibility and effectiveness of integrated home-centered care for neurodegenerative diseases and offers transferable insights for health care systems facing rapid population aging.

CONCLUSION: Aging and sarcopenia induce distinct and measurable muscle shape alterations. Advanced shape modeling, particularly using INR, showed higher sensitivity. Rectus Femoris emerged as a promising candidate for a shape-based biomarker. Although the metrics presented here should not be interpreted as classification metrics, this study provides a reproducible, open-source framework for muscle shape analysis relevant to aging research.

Nanomedicine has revolutionized brain-targeted therapeutics; however, most design paradigms remain centered on overcoming the blood-brain barrier while overlooking the dynamic physiological milieu that governs nanoparticle fate after entry. Emerging evidence reveals that barrier penetration alone is insufficient to ensure efficacy, particularly in the aging brain, where vascular stiffness, impaired interstitial flow, reduced glymphatic clearance, and chronic immune activation reshape...

Cellular homeostasis relies on regulation of processes, including protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) and biomolecular condensation. Aging disrupts the equilibrium of these processes, increasing susceptibility to disease and mortality. Here we used chemoproteomic techniques to generate an atlas of cysteine PTMs in the mouse brain and showed that age-related increases in thiol oxidation promoted the formation of biomolecular condensates. By contrast, protein persulfidation, regulated...

Cellular senescence is a consequence of many chemotherapeutics that plays context-dependent roles in cancer. Senescent cells secrete an array of factors collectively known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Here we show that the cisplatin-induced SASP enhances the detachment of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) cells in vitro and dissemination in vivo. We identify fructose as a metabolic component of the SASP that facilitates cell detachment and show that a...

No abstract

Despite several age-related processes impacting motor performance, older adults often retain the ability to implicitly adapt to sensory prediction errors. Here, we leverage the fact that implicit adaptation is not attenuated by aging to study the impact of aging on responses to motor errors. In other domains, such as reinforcement learning, aging has been shown to influence how task outcomes or rewards are processed and used to guide subsequent actions, with some studies emphasizing that older...

Understanding sex-dependent differences in disease risk, manifestation, and treatment response is essential for precision medicine. While funding agencies now mandate consideration of Sex as a Biological Variable (SABV), existing bioinformatics tools lack systematic approaches to characterize sex-related molecular mechanisms. Current practices frequently treat sex as a confounding variable, which may obscure important biological differences such as sex-specific alterations, sex-dimorphic changes...

Oocytes rely on a cohort of proteins whose sustained expression ensures normal meiotic progression and reproductive competence throughout an animal's reproductive life. Age-related declines in these proteins are a major cause of reduced oocyte quality and female fertility during reproductive aging. Here, we report that the cohesin regulatory protein PDS5B, a dynamically maintained factor in oocytes, declines with age and plays a noncanonical role in the spindle pole formation independent of its...

Inosine triphosphate (ITP) is a noncanonical nucleotide. Human cells possess inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPA), and ITPA deficiency causes ITP accumulation within cells, leading to the onset of "Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy 35." Two potential pathways for ITP biosynthesis have been proposed: i) oxidative deamination of the adenine base in adenosine triphosphate or ii) a two-step phosphorylation reaction of inosine monophosphate (IMP), an intermediate in the de novo...