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A large study of older adults in Brazil found that adding extra salt at the table is still a common habit, especially among men. While too much salt is linked to serious health problems and faster cognitive decline, researchers discovered that women’s salt-shaking habits were tied more closely to lifestyle and diet.

For decades, pancreatic cancer has been one of the most lethal cancers, with few effective treatment options. A new drug, daraxonrasib, targets the KRAS mutation that fuels most pancreatic tumors—something many scientists once thought couldn't be done. In a major clinical trial, the treatment nearly doubled survival for patients with advanced disease and reduced the risk of death by 60%.

Letter also blames Trump for letting China surpass United States in research spending

A decline in specific antibody responses is a hallmark of human aging, yet the differential contributions of B and T lymphocytes remain unclear. CXCL13 is a chemokine that shapes germinal center (GC) organization, but the regulation of human-specific CXCL13^(+) T follicular helper (Tfh) cells during aging is not known. Using human tonsil organoids, single-cell RNA sequencing, and CRISPR perturbations, we mapped age-associated changes in Tfh cells, the cell type that provides help to B cells in...

The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) weighs options during decision-making, but its role in inferring competing emotional states and how this process changes with age, remain unclear. We recorded brain activity with functional MRI while 20 young and 40 older adults inferred the emotions of actors shown in ecological yet controlled social interactions. Socially shared representations about the timing, accuracy, and uncertainty of emotional inferences were defined using response distributions from...

No abstract

Aging research has made remarkable progress in describing aging through the genetic architecture of longevity, epigenetic clocks, proteomic signatures, and systems-level analyses. Yet a critical dimension remains underrepresented: the role of genome integrity, germline and somatic mutation accumulation in individual-specific vulnerability, frailty, and multimorbidity across the life course. The need for individual-level thinking has deep roots, from Darwin's emphasis on individual variation in...

Selective autophagy maintains organelle and proteome homeostasis through receptor-mediated degradation of damaged membranes and aggregation-prone proteins. Although autophagy dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) abnormalities are prominent features of Alzheimer's disease (AD), whether reticulophagy directly contributes to amyloid precursor protein (APP) turnover has remained unclear. We identify FAM134B/RETREG1 as a specific receptor that recognizes ER-localized APP and promotes its...

CONCLUSIONS: Older Chinese adults in the UK exhibit diverse PA patterns and face a range of barriers, underscoring the need to consider their varied needs and experiences when designing interventions. Factors influencing PA engagement align with the COM-B framework, highlighting the importance of addressing capability, opportunity, and motivation. These findings provide a practical evidence base to inform behaviour change interventions, supporting the development of culturally tailored...

CONCLUSION: Long-term PA shows a clear dose-response relationship with sarcopenia risk in later life. While sustained activity across adulthood confers the greatest benefit, initiating PA even later in life remains associated with lower odds of sarcopenia.

Arterial stiffness is a hallmark of vascular aging and a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. While immune aging-typically characterized by reduced T cell receptor (TCR) diversity and CD8^(+) memory expansion-contributes to this process, growing evidence suggests that peripheral immune dysregulation may impair vascular function through mechanisms distinct from classical immunosenescence. To investigate this, we profiled peripheral TCRβ repertoires from 563 adults without clinically...

A newly discovered genetic clock acts as the master timekeeper for development, orchestrating crucial bursts of gene activity throughout a worm’s growth. When the clock is disrupted, development stops, offering fresh clues about how growth-related disorders may arise.

Science, Ahead of Print.

Scientists have uncovered a surprising new way the immune system fights cancer, overturning a core belief that has guided immunology for decades. The research found that when cancer cells shut down a key immune-recognition molecule called MHC I—a common trick used to hide from “killer” T cells—they can actually become more vulnerable to attack by a different group of immune cells known as CD4+ “helper” T cells.