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Scientists are testing a counterintuitive way to fight mesothelioma, an aggressive asbestos-linked cancer with few effective treatments. A new experimental mesothelioma drug kills cancer cells by disabling PRX3, an antioxidant defense that tumors use to survive intense oxidative stress. In an early clinical trial, it controlled disease progression in 67% of patients and produced encouraging survival results, raising hopes that the strategy could eventually be used against other cancers.

Scientists found that black and green Japanese rice contain unusual, potentially beneficial fats and may be digested more slowly than ordinary white rice. The combination could make these colorful varieties promising ingredients for foods designed to support blood sugar and metabolic health.

Scientists discovered a hidden “immune organ” inside the skull that acts as a rapid first responder against brain cancer in mice. Strengthening this local immune defense improved tumor rejection and survival, raising the possibility of new treatments that target the skull directly.

Scientists have discovered that some severe genetic disorders linked to rapid aging may be driven not just by damaged DNA, but by the body’s overreaction to that damage. When broken DNA fragments leak into the wrong part of a cell, an immune sensor called cGAS can mistake them for signs of a viral infection, triggering chronic inflammation and even interfering with DNA repair itself.

Eating four to six servings of whole grains a day may deliver meaningful benefits for heart health, according to a large review of 87 clinical trials. Researchers found improvements in body weight, waist size, blood pressure, cholesterol, blood sugar, triglycerides, and some markers of inflammation.

Scientists reconstructed videos from the brain activity of mice, producing 10-second clips based only on signals from neurons in the visual cortex. The breakthrough could help reveal how the brain reshapes what we see before it becomes our perception of reality.

Method of replacing much of the mouse cortex with human “organoids” enables studies of brain diseases in a living nervous system

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an important prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease, and its early identification is critical for risk assessment and timely intervention. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) can noninvasively characterize brain functional activity and connectivity. However, most existing methods rely on static second-order functional connectivity, limiting their ability to capture dynamic coordination and high-order interactions among multiple brain...

Alzheimer's disease is widely depicted as a linear cascade from amyloid-β accumulation to Tau pathology and neurodegeneration. We propose instead that the disease unfolds through discrete molecular, cellular and network phases organized around biological inflection points. At these thresholds, stress-driven loss of homeostasis produces qualitative shifts in cellular behavior that alters disease progression. These altered states spread across local tissue-domains, accumulate as a mosaic across...

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype is the strongest genetic determinant of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Of its three common isoforms, E4 increases AD risk and promotes inflammatory and metabolic dysregulation, whereas E2 is protective and is associated with altered lipid handling and immune function. Microglia express APOE in response to stress or injury and exhibit isoform-dependent transcriptional profiles, but the specific contribution of microglial APOE to these phenotypes remains...

N-terminal acetylation (NTA) is a ubiquitous eukaryotic post-translational modification catalyzed by Nα-acetyltransferases (NATs). Among the eight NAT families, the NatA complex-composed of the catalytic subunit NAA10 and auxiliary subunit NAA15-mediates N-terminal acetylation of ~40% of mammalian proteins. Pathogenic mutations in NAA10 or NAA15 disrupt NatA complex integrity or enzymatic activity, resulting in NAA10- or NAA15-related syndromes. Both disorders share overlapping clinical...

Dysregulated dopamine (DA) signaling and redox homeostasis contributes to multiple neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Polymorphisms that influence the activity of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), an enzyme critical for degrading DA in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, have been implicated in behavioral and neuropsychiatric alterations associated with schizophrenia (SCZ). Adverse neuropsychiatric effects have also been reported in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients...

Aging is accompanied by molecular hallmarks conserved from yeast to humans. One such hallmark, senescence, is an irreversible nondividing state that promotes aging. We previously reported that mutants of the yeast Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC) shorten the lifespan of both dividing and nondividing cells. Here, we propose that activation of the APC will promote the maintenance of quiescent yeast cells, thereby delaying senescence and aging. We observed that APC activity in aging quiescent cells...

The global incidence and mortality of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections have risen sharply with population aging. In some regions, they are now surpassing Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infections, imposing a substantial clinical and economic burden. Because nontuberous mycobacteria exhibit species-level heterogeneity and require prolonged culture for identification, their diagnosis remains slow and is frequently inaccurate. Here, we describe a multiplexed clustered regularly...

Structural reconstruction is a major cause of heterogeneous catalyst deactivation, yet elucidating the restructuring mechanism remains difficult due to underresolved dynamics. Here, by introducing pseudotime, we recover dynamics and identify the key determinant of nanoparticle sintering from ex situ electron microscopy alone, beyond the general view that postmortem observations provide only end-state structures. Pseudotemporal ordering of SiN(x)-supported gold across asynchronous aging states...

Age-related microvascular dysfunction disrupts nutrient homeostasis and waste clearance, leading to organ failure. However, a critical gap remains in our understanding of the specific molecular drivers of vascular deterioration and how they orchestrate organism-wide aging. Here, we identify progressive activation of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ)/asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) pathway in aging vascular endothelial cells contributes to vascular degeneration and lifespan reduction....

Successful cognitive aging (SCA) describes the preservation of cognitive abilities into advanced age, but its neural basis remains incompletely understood. Metabolic and pathological evidence implicates the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) as a key region supporting cognitive resilience. However, functionally distinct PCC subregions have rarely been examined using complementary structural, microstructural, and functional imaging measures. In this cross-sectional secondary analysis of publicly...

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is the most common sensory disorder in older adults. Current hearing interventions, including hearing aids and cochlear implants, face limitations in accessibility and adherence. Therefore, efforts have been devoted to elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying cochlear aging and identifying effective therapeutic targets for ARHL. This review summarizes several molecular mechanisms implicated in cochlear aging and ARHL, including autophagy dysregulation,...

Aging is accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation which has been associated with cognitive decline. Physical activity might regulate plasma levels of inflammatory-related proteins and may contribute to cognitive benefits, although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This exploratory secondary analysis aimed to evaluate whether different physical activity modalities were associated with distinct inflammatory-related plasma proteomic signatures in healthy older adults and to...

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are associated with older age and mobility limitations. We evaluated whether energetic determinants of mobility-maximum oxygen consumption (VO(2)peak), energetic cost of walking (EC(w)), and cost-capacity ratio (CCR) were associated with LUTS in community-dwelling older adults. We used baseline data from 629 participants aged ≥ 70 years in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging. The 10-item LURN Symptom Index (LURN SI-10; range: 0-38, higher = worse) assessed...