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The secret to aging more slowly may be hiding in your gut. Scientists discovered that certain gut bacteria are strongly linked to how quickly the body ages, with microbial differences accounting for about 15% of the variation in biological aging rates. Some bacterial species were associated with slower aging, while others were linked to accelerated aging.

Scientists have discovered that low testosterone and a high-fructose diet can work together to worsen fatty liver disease in mice. Unexpectedly, changes in gut bacteria appear to drive this harmful interaction, revealing a potential new target for preventing liver damage.

A surprising discovery reveals that widely used anti-inflammatory drugs may unintentionally help dangerous viruses spread through the body. Scientists found that JAK inhibitors, prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory diseases, can weaken a crucial immune defense against influenza, COVID-19, and other infections. By suppressing genes that normally fight viruses, these medications may leave patients more vulnerable to infection.

Companion dogs are a valuable geroscience model because they share human environments, develop similar age-related diseases, and have compressed lifespans. The Dog Aging Project (DAP) is a large, prospective cohort designed to investigate intrinsic and extrinsic factors associated with canine aging and longevity. We analyzed 41,047 dogs from the 2024 DAP Curated Data Release with baseline Health and Life Experience Survey (HLES) data and mortality follow-up through 2024. All-cause mortality was...

Neurovascular ageing is a major contributor to cerebrovascular vulnerability and poor stroke outcomes in older adults. Progressive deterioration of the neurovascular unit (NVU), driven by oxidative stress, neurovascular coupling dysfunction, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, inflammageing, cellular senescence, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired autophagy compromises neurovascular resilience and increases susceptibility to ischemic injury. Among the molecular pathways implicated in these...

Tumor-associated neutrophil (TAN) enrichment is a defining feature and driving force of brain metastases (BrMs), a leading cause of death in solid tumors. Yet, the mechanisms governing TAN enrichment in BrM remains undefined. Herein, we demonstrate that BrM cell-derived shed soluble mesothelin (sMSLN) critically prolongs neutrophil survival to facilitate tumor cell colonization and outgrowth in the brain. Specifically, sMSLN binds to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on neutrophil to activate the...

Zoonotic viruses originating from mammals pose a persistent threat to global health. While rodents and bats are often considered "special reservoirs," it is debated if spillover risk is driven by specific taxa or merely reflects mammalian species richness. However, most tests have focused on published host-virus association datasets, which can reflect systematic biases in host and virus sampling effort. To address this limitation, we analyzed a comprehensive repository of 4,685 metagenomic...

CONCLUSION: Individuals with cognitive profiles consistent with probable executive MCI were identified using simple assessments of global cognition, memory and executive functions in a community-dwelling older population. As participants were not clinically diagnosed, further prospective studies are needed to determine the screening performance of this approach.

CONCLUSION: Episodic memory practice effects appear to carry meaningful information beyond generic retest-related gains. Explicitly modeling retest effects while preserving interindividual differences in practice-related improvement may refine the characterization of longitudinal cognitive trajectories and help identify subtle early differences in cognitive resilience and vulnerability.

Parkinson's disease involves progressive α-synuclein pathology, but how this reshapes the brain's spatial immunometabolic landscape, and how oligodendrocytes participate, remain incompletely defined. Here we combine single-nucleus RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics and spatial metabolomics in male A53T α-synuclein transgenic mice across disease stages, together with male mice carrying adeno-associated virus-mediated α-synuclein overexpression, human midbrain and cerebrospinal fluid samples....

The selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta is a defining feature of Parkinson's disease (PD), yet its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. NUS1, which encodes neurite outgrowth inhibitor-B receptor (NgBR), was recently identified as a PD risk gene. Here we show that NgBR is highly expressed in microglia, where its deficiency drives progressive PD-like motor deficits and dopaminergic neurodegeneration via the LCN2-SLC22A17 iron-transport axis in mice. NgBR...

Despite progress on noble-metal high-entropy alloy catalysts, noble-metal-free high-entropy alloy catalysts continue to face limitations in activity and stability. Atomic defect engineering holds promise for unlocking catalytic potential, yet efficient strategies for designing defects to simultaneously tailor electronic structures and enhance catalytic active sites in noble-metal-free high-entropy alloys remain challenging. Here, we report a general rule to drive twin formation via precisely...

Diet is associated with biological aging, yet few existing dietary indices have been developed specifically to target biological aging. We develop a data-driven, food-based Empirical Dietary Index for Slower Epigenetic Aging (EDISEA) to identify dietary features predictive of lower GrimAge2 acceleration. Higher EDISEA is associated with 4.17 years slower epigenetic aging in the derivation sample of 1,711 participants (P-value < 0.001) and 3.77 years slower aging in an independent sample of 2,311...

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CONCLUSIONS: Serum NfL demonstrated potential as a sensitive and non-invasive biomarker for early detection and staging of cognitive decline. The establishment of population-specific cut-offs within an Indian cohort contributes to global efforts toward standardizing blood-based biomarkers for AD.

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In our systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to assess the predictive accuracy and clinical applicability of ten dementia risk assessment scores for incident dementia in cohort studies. Three of 10 risk scores had sufficient, comparable data for a meta-analysis. We analyzed the Cardiovascular Risk Factors Ageing and Dementia (CAIDE), Lifestyle for brain health (LIBRA), and Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index (ANU-ADRI) in middle- and older-aged baseline populations with short, medium, and...

Aerobic exercise attenuates age-related physiological decline, potentially through favorable modulation of gut microbiota diversity. The purpose of this study was to characterize aerobic exercise training (ET)-induced alterations in the gut microbiome of aging, genetically heterogeneous UM-HET3 mice and examine associations between microbial shifts and changes in body composition (body weight, lean mass, and fat mass) and exercise capacity (total work, distance, and duration). Male UM-HET3 mice...