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Oxygen is essential for human life, yet a growing body of preclinical research is demonstrating that chronic continuous hypoxia can be beneficial in models of mitochondrial disease, autoimmunity, ischemia, and aging. This research is revealing exciting new and unexpected facets of oxygen biology, but translating these findings to patients poses major challenges, because hypoxia can be dangerous. Overcoming these barriers will require integrating insights from basic science, high-altitude...

In a super-aging society, the increase in the elderly population is closely tied to a rise in infectious diseases due to factors such as weakened immune systems and decreased vaccine efficacy in older adults. Various opportunistic pathogens commonly encountered in everyday life can cause infections and diseases when an individual's immune defence is weakened due to aging. These factors underscore the importance of preventive measures against pathogenic infections and the aging of immune systems...

Blink-related oscillations (BROs) are newly discovered neurophysiological brainwave responses associated with spontaneous blinking, and represent environmental monitoring and awareness processes as the brain evaluates new visual information appearing after eye re-opening. BRO responses have been demonstrated in healthy young adults across multiple task states and are modulated by both task and environmental factors, but little is known about this phenomenon in aging. To address this, we...