Aging & Longevity

Implicit Motor Sequence Learning (IMSL) is critical for automating motor skills, yet it declines with age, impacting independence and quality of life. This study investigated the age-specific roles of the primary motor cortex (M1) and supplementary motor area (SMA) in IMSL using a novel concurrent transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) approach. Twenty younger adults (21-32 years old [M = 24.3 ± 3.26]) and twenty older adults (60-76 years...

Anode-free sodium batteries (AFNBs) are regarded as promising alternatives for next-generation energy storage systems because of their high energy density, high safety, cost-effectiveness, and simple manufacturing processes. However, their practical application is limited by a low coulombic efficiency (CE) and a short lifespan resulting from a large volume change and the growth of Na dendrites. Here, we propose a three-dimensional versatile host composed of interconnected N,P-codoped carbon...

Skin aging is a complex process driven by intrinsic genetic factors and extrinsic environmental influences. In this study, sequestosome1 (SQSTM1/p62) was identified as a key regulator of senescence, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and skin aging. Notably, p62 expression is reduced in senescent cells and aging skin of both humans and mice. The depletion of p62 in the epidermis was found to be positively associated with accelerated aging and the initiation of SASP....

CONCLUSIONS: Like the challenges facing the aging civilian population, the VHA faces the test of meeting the growing demand for HCBS. Understanding these dynamics is essential to ensuring that HCBS is both accessible and effective in supporting Veterans.

CONCLUSIONS: Although it may be difficult for residents with dementia to maintain their social networks as part of their illness, there are numerous ties that attest to the social roles of persons with dementia in the community. These ties can be used to provide person-centred care, but are also an important resource in finding and retaining personnel and volunteers.

Substantial progress in aging research continues to deepen our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of aging, yet there is a lack of interventions conclusively shown to attenuate the processes of aging in humans. By contrast, replacement interventions such as joint replacements, pacemaker devices and transplant therapies have a long history of restoring function in injury or disease contexts. Here, we consider biological and synthetic replacement-based strategies as aging interventions....

CONCLUSION: A "1.0" universal person-centered home time measure that reflects QoL should include days in the emergency department, inpatient care, and post-acute care. Expert input revealed domains of agreement and disagreement. Future validation efforts that incorporate expert input are needed to iterate and arrive at the optimal measure.

Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) are pivotal epigenetic regulators that preserve cell identity by restricting transcription responses to sub-threshold extracellular signals. Their roles in osteoblast function and bone formation remain unclear. Here in aging osteoblasts, we found marked activation of PRC1.1 complex, with KDM2B acting as a chromatin-binding factor and BCOR and PCGF1 enabling histone H2A monoubiquitylation (H2AK119ub1). Osteoblast-specific Kdm2b inactivation significantly...

Although electrochemical technologies offer vast industrial prospects, broader adoption-particularly in consumer applications-remains constrained by high costs and limited component lifespans. Here, we present a gravity-assisted, membrane-free electrochemical oxygen (O(2)) removal (EOR) reactor coupling oxygen reduction (ORR) and oxygen evolution (OER) reactions. Leveraging fluid mechanics insights, buoyant O(2) bubbles ascend rapidly, achieving 95% product self-separation and eliminating the...

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a cardiovascular disease prevalent in the aging population, resulting in high morbidity and mortality rates. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying CAVD remain unclear. We initially conducted an RNA sequencing analysis of aortic valve leaflets from rats of different ages to identify key genes involved in valvular aging and calcification. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MSRA) was crucial to valvular...

Developmental time (or time to maturity) strongly correlates with an animal's maximum lifespan, with late-maturing individuals often living longer. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain largely unknown. This may be because most previously identified longevity genes regulate growth rate rather than developmental time. To address this gap, we genetically manipulated prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH), the primary regulator of developmental timing in Drosophila, to...

CONCLUSIONS: Higher oxidative balance scores are associated with a lower prevalence of sarcopenia, particularly among women. These findings support the importance of antioxidant-rich diets and healthy lifestyles in mitigating sarcopenia risk, especially in aging female populations.

INTRODUCTION: In patients with Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH), the aging process results in decreased efficiency of cerebrospinal fluid circulation, leading to ventricular enlargement. This enlargement compresses several brain structures, impairing functions such as visual perception, semantic memory processing, and phonological encoding contributing to language processing difficulties. This study examines real-time language processing in NPH patients and healthy elderly (HE) controls by...

INTRODUCTION: Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, arise from neuroinflammation, which leads to cognitive and memory impairment. Scopolamine is commonly used to induce cognitive and memory deficits in mouse models.

Resistance exercise (RE) enhances functionality in older adults and has proven effective as a means of cross-education in scenarios of unilateral disuse. However, the extent to which older adults demonstrate cross-limb transfer at the motor unit (MU) level following a single bout of unilateral RE is unclear. Thirteen healthy older adults (74.9 ± 4.8 years; 5 females) underwent bilateral neuromuscular assessments pre- and post- a single bout of unilateral RE consisting of sets of 12 repetitions...

Most of the lung's gas-exchange surface forms during alveologenesis and its disruption causes bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in infants, characterized by alveolar simplification and myofibroblast accumulation. BPD also increases the risk of adult emphysema, marked by alveolar loss. Despite this connection, mechanisms linking these conditions and effective treatments are still lacking. We identify hedgehog-interacting protein (HHIP), associated with both BPD and emphysema, as a critical...

OBJECTIVES: We examined the evidence from experimental and cohort studies concerning the associations between heat stress and immune vulnerability in older adults.

BACKGROUND: Aging is frequently accompanied by multimorbidity, the presence of multiple chronic conditions, which contributes to declines in both cognitive and physical function and presents complex health challenges. One such challenge is Polypharmacy (PP), defined as the concurrent use of more than five medications.

All organisms face a certain risk of dying before reproducing, putting strong pressure on individuals to reproduce as early as possible. Despite this, some organisms delay maturity, defer reproduction, and age slowly. The evolution of such slow-paced life is classically attributed to allometric effects and reduced extrinsic mortality, but might also result from the invasion of challenging environments requiring adaptations that boost adult survival yet impose substantial energetic and...

Lysosomes catabolize lipids and other biological molecules, maintaining cellular and organismal homeostasis. Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP), a major lipid constituent of intralysosomal vesicles, stimulates lipid-degrading enzymes and is altered in various human conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases^(1,2). Although lysosomal BMP synthase was recently discovered³, the enzymes mediating BMP turnover remain elusive. Here we show that lysosomal phospholipase PLA2G15 is a physiological...