Aging & Longevity

No abstract

Relative fat mass (RFM) is a more accurate measure of body fat percentage than body mass index (BMI). However, its association with cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) and its predictive value have not been examined. This study evaluated and compared the associations and predictive utility of RFM and BMI for CMM. We analyzed data from 3,348 adults (mean age 64 years; 45.1% male) in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing who were free of hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, and...

Torque Teno Virus (TTV) is a widespread commensal virus within the human virome, characterized by a high prevalence in human population and an unclear pathogenic role. Over the past three decades, TTV has garnered increasing attention due to its ability to establish lifelong chronic viremia, which intriguingly fluctuates among individuals in relation to immune competence status, with a typical peak after an organ transplantation, followed by a plateau and a slow decrease. The regulatory...

CONCLUSION: The prevalence of depressive symptoms among older women in institutional care in south-western Poland is moderate. The intensity of these depressive symptoms lowers the overall quality of life of care centre residents, as well as their self-assessment of health, and affects their quality of life in the psychological, social, and environmental domains.

CONCLUSIONS: The disability risk prediction model provided a real-time digital prediction mechanism to identify high-risk groups of disability among elderly adults, serving as a valuable decision-making tool for disability prevention and the allocation of medical care resources. Developing prevention and treatment strategies targeting the chronic diseases identified as significant contributors to disability by the predictive model might lead to more effective prevention of disability in elderly...

CONCLUSION: Duration of symptoms before the commencement of treatment and illness cognition play a significant role in the quality of life of older adults. It is recommended that caregivers of older adults and clinicians consider these factors to improve illness progression and quality of life among the elderly. Qualitative inquiry suggests the need for increased public awareness and stakeholder involvement in interventions for the elderly.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Seeking to extend previous research on older adults' active travel, this paper focused on the travel duration and neighborhood streets. With an emphasis on the older adults and streets in ancient towns, empirical data were collected in Daokou Ancient Town in China. The aim is to identify environmental attributes promoting active travel.

CONCLUSION: Integrating the SSM Fisior^(®) program into physical activity workshops enhances muscle activity and functional performance, in terms of Timed Up and Go Test, muscle strength, functionality and calf circumference, supporting its value in promoting healthy aging.

CONCLUSIONS: Frailty prevalence was high among older adults and was significantly associated with low physical activity and low socioeconomic status. These findings highlight critical challenges for Ecuador's public and private healthcare systems in implementing proactive measures to delay the onset of frailty and improve quality of life in this population.

Our understanding of aging has grown through the study of systems biology, including single-cell analysis, proteomics and metabolomics. Studies in lab organisms in controlled environments, while powerful and complex, fall short of capturing the breadth of genetic and environmental variation in nature. Thus, there is now a major effort in geroscience to identify aging biomarkers that might be applied across the diversity of humans and other free-living species. To meet this challenge, the Dog...

Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) is widely recognized as a central pathway for the clearance of protein aggregates and the maintenance of proteostasis. However, a recent study by Murley et al. challenges this conventional view. Using a Caenorhabditis elegans L1 arrest aging model, the authors found that autophagy activation impedes rejuvenation by promoting the accumulation of intra- 10 lysosomal protein aggregates and inducing lysosomal membrane damage. This unexpected...

Aging and obesity are associated with pro-inflammatory changes in adipose tissue. Overlapping mechanisms, such as the infiltration of inflammatory macrophages and T cells into visceral adipose tissue, have been implicated in contributing to inflammation. However, a comparative analysis of both states is needed to identify distinct regulatory targets. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of stromal vascular fractions (SVF) isolated from gonadal white adipose tissue (gWAT) of young mice...

Caloric restriction (CR) with fasting extends lifespan but is difficult to maintain in humans. Here, we compared conventional CR with periods of fasting to an ad libitum-fed low-protein, high-carbohydrate (LPHC) diet diluted 25% with non-digestible fibre. Both approaches similarly enhanced longevity and metabolic health in mice relative to a control diet. Proteomic analysis of liver tissue revealed that CR increased proteins associated with energy and mitochondrial pathways. By contrast, the...

Fasting-based interventions are gaining momentum as strategies to modulate longevity. Conversely, the same metabolic adaptations that once ensured survival during starvation now contribute to the global obesity epidemic. While previous studies have characterized metabolic changes during fasting, few have examined the refeeding phase, and most lack an integrated analysis of key hormonal and metabolic regulators, including insulin, leptin, adiponectin, free T3, FGF21, and the plasma metabolome. To...

Emerging evidence has revealed a strong association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and aging. Considering the critical role of the cardiovascular system, this review explores the key mechanisms linking OSA to cardiovascular aging through a focus on chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) -induced oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Specifically, we examine six key pathways: (1) cellular senescence, (2) mitochondrial dysfunction, (3) metabolic dysregulation, (4) telomere attrition, (5)...

Chronic hypertension with aging induces significant alterations in the structure and function of brain parenchyma and memory dysfunction. While therapeutic control of hypertension reduces risk, the functional changes in neural circuitry that underlie memory deficits are unknown. Identifying possible early onset changes in the hippocampal trisynaptic circuit (HTC) may reveal opportunities for therapeutic intervention. A large-scale clinical study revealed a direct relationship between reduced...

Myeloid-biased differentiation of multipotent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) occurs with aging or exhaustion. The molecular mechanism(s) responsible for this fate bias remain unclear. Here, we report that linker histone regulates HSPC fate choice at the lymphoid versus myeloid bifurcation. Linker histones package nucleosomes and compact chromatin. HSPCs expressing a doxycycline (dox)-inducible H1.0 transgene favor the lymphoid fate, display strengthened nucleosome organization,...

Recent advances in single-cell transcriptomics have led to the identification of disease-associated microglia (DAM) as a distinct, conserved microglia state associated with mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and with aging. DAM are characterized by downregulation of homeostatic genes and upregulation of lipid metabolism and phagocytosis genes, including key risk factors for AD in humans. Although characterized in models of AD, whether DAM acts as...

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: This systematic review and meta-analysis identified and quantified the risk factors associated with impaired IC, which will facilitate the creation of targeted interventions aimed at preventing impaired IC and lessening its adverse effects on health. Quantitative analysis is still needed with additional studies in the future. Targeted prevention approaches should mitigate IC impairment by focusing on the modifiable risk factors.

Reproduction affects lifespan and fat metabolism across species, suggesting a shared regulatory axis. In Caenorhabditis elegans, ablation of germline stem cells leads to extended lifespan and increased fat storage. While many studies focus on germline-less glp-1(e2144) mutants, the hermaphroditic germline of C. elegans provides an excellent opportunity to study how distinct germline anomalies affect lifespan and fat metabolism. We compare metabolomic, transcriptomic, and genetic pathway...