Aging & Longevity

Aging involves a progressive decline in physiological function, leading to organ damage and age-related chronic diseases. Natural products derived from traditional herbs represent a valuable resource for identifying anti-aging compounds and potential lead candidates. In this study, a screen of an herbal library using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) identified the 75% ethanol extract of Callicarpa nudiflora Hook (LWLY01) as a potent lifespan-extending agent. Further fractionation revealed...

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The glymphatic system was initially considered as a perivascular channel, responsible for the clearance of substances within the brain. With the deepening comprehension of the functions of the extracellular space (ECS) and the discovery of meningeal lymphatic vessels and subarachnoid lymphatic-like membrane, it is proposed that the glymphatic system should be a complex system encompassing the perivascular space, ECS, and lymphatic-like structures, and it plays crucial roles in the delivery of...

Biological age is an important indicator of organ functions and health. Although mammograms are widely used in breast cancer screening, the potential of mammogram-based biological age predictors remains underexplored. Here, we propose a deep learning model to estimate the biological age of the breast using healthy mammograms. The model is developed on three large datasets and externally validated on two additional datasets, encompassing 95,826 mammograms from 44,497 women aged 18 to 98 years. It...

The cell cycle is a key regulator of endothelial cell specification into tip and stalk cell phenotypes, which are essential for angiogenesis in both normal development and pathological conditions. While the tumor suppressor p53 is known to regulate the cell cycle and influence cell fate, its role in modulating the cell fate of these phenotypes remains unclear. Using non-genotoxic small molecule and stapled peptide compounds to pharmacologically activate p53 via MDM2 inhibition, we demonstrate...

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Mobility impairments from aging, injury, or medical conditions limit independence and social participation. Conventional assistive devices lack adaptability in complex environments. Recent wearable technologies integrating neural sensing, electronics, and co-design offer personalized, responsive mobility support. This perspective focuses on advances in wearable sensing and multimodal fusion for intent recognition, environmental interaction, and adaptive control in exoskeletons, prosthetics,...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder with a rising incidence in aging populations, substantially diminishing patients' quality of life. Mitochondria are central to neuronal energy metabolism, and mitophagy plays a pivotal role in maintaining mitochondrial quality by removing damaged organelles. In PD, impaired mitophagy leads to the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria, exacerbating oxidative stress and bioenergetic deficits and thereby accelerating disease...

CONCLUSION: Therefore, it is urgent to enhance digital skills and internet use among older populations to promote healthy aging.

The rapid increase in the global aging population presents significant psychosocial and economic challenges, especially in underdeveloped nations. This study examines the experiences of elderly retired government employees (65+) in Debre Tabor Metropolitan City, Ethiopia, using a qualitative hermeneutical phenomenological approach. Structured interviews with 15 participants revealed key issues affecting their well-being. Findings show severe isolation and loneliness, with many feeling abandoned...

Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), once considered a secondary or auxiliary degradation pathway, is now recognized as a central regulator of synaptic proteostasis. A recent study by Khawaja et al. (2025) in Nature Cell Biology provides compelling evidence that CMA actively remodels the synaptic proteome in a sex-specific manner. Using a conditional knockout strategy based on Lamp2a-floxed mice crossed with a Camk2a-Cre driver line to achieve excitatory neuron-specific deletion of Lamp2a in...

Immunosenescence, a recognized hallmark of aging, is characterized by imbalances in immunocyte populations and a state of chronic inflammation. However, the tissue-specific dynamics of these changes and their potential as predictive biomarkers for aging remain poorly characterized. In this study, we established a multi-tissue immunological signature as a robust predictor of biological age by integrating immunocyte and cytokine profiling. Using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats from five age groups (1-12...

Myostatin and follistatin are the regulators of muscle growth and pivotal proteins that regulate muscle tissue function. An integrated approach is HIIT and resistance training provides a holistic strategy for promoting healthy aging and maintaining functional abilities, potentially through the modulation of myostatin and follistatin levels. This study aims to assess the effect of high-intensity interval training and resistance training on myostatin and follistatin protein concentrations in aged...

HIV infection induces chronic immune activation, predisposing people living with HIV (PLWH) to early immunosenescence. It is essential to understand the mechanisms behind the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). This study investigates the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in peripheral immunosenescence in HIV infection associated with SASP modulation. Biological and in silico analyses were performed to explore the crosstalk between EVs, miR-21-5p, and SASP. Plasma EVs from PLWH...

Timely and accessible tools for detecting preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) are essential for early intervention, yet reliance on MRI biomarkers limits scalability. Using longitudinal data from 210 cognitively normal older adults in ADNI, we compared the predictive value of verbal episodic memory, hippocampal volume, and a visuospatial composite. Over a 7-year window, 106 participants progressed to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), while 104 remained stable. At baseline, Immediate Recall on...

CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the SCT triadic reciprocal determinism: personal factors influence and are influenced by behavioral and environmental elements. Consequently, a multilevel strategy aligned with SCT, such as enhancing personal capacity, strengthening institutional support, and optimizing systemic safeguards, is essential to empower hospital-based healthcare professionals to intervene in elder abuse.

Fatty acids are involved in disease risk and aging processes. In the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2002), we tested for associations of total, saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), polyunsaturated (PUFA), and subtypes of dietary fatty acids with DNA methylation-based aging biomarkers, adjusting for age, BMI, total energy intake, and sociodemographic and behavioral factors (N = 2260). Higher SFA and MUFA were associated with greater GrimAge2, an aging biomarker of...

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to the maintenance of organism-wide proteostasis by mediating intercellular communication. Loss of proteostasis and altered intercellular communication are associated with aging and age-related diseases, suggesting key roles for EVs. However, it is unclear how the proteome of the EVs changes with age. To identify EV-associated proteins (EVAPs) and their fate with age, we curated publicly available EV proteome data from C. elegans model organism and human....

The apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is linked to poorer cerebrovascular health. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), an indicator of vascular reserve, and cerebral pulsatility (CP), a marker of vascular stiffness, are sensitive biomarkers of early vascular dysfunction associated with aging and AD. However, the relationship between APOE4 status and these cerebrovascular metrics remains unclear. This study investigated whether the...

CONCLUSIONS: Sustaining higher levels of physical activity over time is associated with a slower rate of cognitive decline in older Chinese adults. This protective effect is especially pronounced in specific demographic subgroups.