Aging & Longevity

CONCLUSIONS: Involving older adults in digital-health studies that draw on domestic energy data must account for the broader social and economic environment. Financial strain, digital fraud, and pandemic-related mistrust all influenced disengagement. Early community involvement, co-design, and opportunities to discuss or engage directly with the technology may support more confident and informed participation in future research.

CONCLUSIONS: Co-occurrence of pain with depression or/and sleep complaints is a common and potentially modifiable contribution to poor cognition. Our findings highlight the need for targeted interventions addressing co-occurring conditions to mitigate cognitive decline among older Mexican Americans. Educational attainment modified these associations, with higher schooling attenuating baseline cognitive differences across symptom classes, consistent with a passive cognitive reserve framework, and...

CONCLUSION: Higher levels of physical activity are independently associated with better multidimensional healthy ageing and more positive perspectives on ageing among older adults with chronic conditions and functional vulnerability. These findings highlight physical activity as a key modifiable factor for promoting healthy ageing and support the integration of feasible physical activity interventions into health-care and rehabilitation services for older adults, particularly in rapidly ageing...

CONCLUSION: There is a relationship between unhealthy lifestyle, health literacy, and frailty in older adults. Health literacy may serve as an apparent protective factor against frailty. An unhealthy lifestyle could exacerbate frailty. Therefore, healthcare providers should focus on enhancing health literacy and a healthy lifestyle to prevent frailty in this population.

CONCLUSION: The findings support a psycho-social perspective on healthy aging. Aging attitudes were generally linked to better health, while digital inclusion showed mixed associations, suggesting that digital engagement can be helpful when it is meaningful and supported, but burdensome when it exceeds older adults' skills or needs. Policies and interventions should therefore go beyond expanding digital access and strengthen digital competence, age-friendly digital environments, and positive...

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CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest a significant association between a reduced number of functional teeth and low HGS in older adults. While these results highlight the potential relevance of oral health to physical capacity, further longitudinal studies are required to clarify the temporal relationship and to determine whether preserving functional dentition may be associated with better physical function and a lower risk of subsequent functional decline.

CONCLUSIONS: This study uncovers the multi-layered genetic and molecular architecture underlying ovarian aging. The identified molecular traits provide promising candidates for functional studies and suggest new avenues for developing therapies aimed at preserving ovarian function and preventing age-related decline.

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Brain maintenance may help explain why some individuals remain cognitively resilient despite aging, but its biological basis is not well understood. Here, we show that brain maintenance can be quantified from the relationship between brain structure and function. Using structural MRI and resting-state functional MRI from 1280 older adults, we built a model based on young adults to estimate the functional capacity supported by preserved brain structure, and defined brain maintenance as the...

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CONCLUSIONS: Higher RC levels were consistently associated with more advanced biological aging across two populations and two clinical aging metrics. These findings support RC as a clinically accessible marker associated with adverse biological aging profiles.

Ageing and interventions modulate health and mortality¹, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms of this modulation remain unclear. Here we integrate more than 11,000 transcriptomes from more than 25 tissues across 4 mammals (mouse, rat, macaque and human) to develop accurate, interpretable rodent and multi-species biomarkers of chronological age and expected mortality, predicting lifespan-modulating interventions, time to death, chronic diseases and rejuvenation. Ageing-related changes were...

Accumulation of mutant mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) heteroplasmy is among the strongest signatures of ageing¹. Here we investigated the underlying mechanism by calling mtDNA sequence, mtDNA abundance and mtDNA heteroplasmic variants in human blood using whole-genome sequences from approximately 750,000 individuals. We observed that mtDNA single-nucleotide variants (mtSNVs) accumulate sharply at age 60 years, occur at low levels of heteroplasmy, exhibit little evidence of positive selection and are...

Inflammation activates blood cells, contributing to ageing and malignancy^(1-3). Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) survive a lifetime of infection to sustain life-long haematopoiesis^(1-9), but how human HSCs respond and adapt to inflammatory stress is largely unknown. Here, to empirically understand this adaptation, we developed xenograft inflammation-recovery models and performed single-cell multiomics on xenografted human HSCs. Two transcriptionally and epigenetically distinct HSC subsets were...

Normative models of brain metrics based on large populations could be extremely valuable for detecting brain abnormalities in patients with a variety of disorders, including degenerative, psychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions, but no such models exist for the brain's white matter (WM) microstructure. Here we present a large-scale normative model of brain WM microstructure - based on 19 international diffusion MRI datasets covering almost the entire lifespan (totaling N = 54,583...

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Hypothalamic POMC neurons modulate systemic energy balance and glucose homeostasis by sensing nutritional state signals. In addition to this classic regulatory mode, these neurons are also activated by the sensory perception of food. Here, we report that food-related sensory cues engage glycogen metabolism in POMC neurons. Genetic depletion of glycogen through various approaches renders POMC neurons unresponsive to food-associated sensory stimuli. This defective perception of food is linked to...

Classifying ovaries solely as reproductive organs has obscured their role as systemic regulators of female physiology. This Perspective makes the case that ovarian aging is a primary determinant of healthspan and belongs at the center of geroscience.

Aged skeletal muscle has a diminished capacity to recover after disuse. Although muscle regrowth requires coordinated interactions between immune and progenitor cells, the mechanisms of impaired remodeling in aged skeletal muscle remain poorly understood yet possibly involve the accumulation of senescent cells. We used a flow cytometry approach coupled with scRNAseq to determine the muscle senescent cell identity and transcriptional landscape during skeletal muscle recovery following disuse...