Aging & Longevity

Exploring age and hemispheric differences in cortical plasticity after iTBS using fNIRS

1 day 16 hours ago
Non-invasive brain stimulation applied to the prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been shown to improve cognitive outcomes in older adults with cognitive impairments (Miller et al., 2023). However, the differential impact of left versus right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) stimulation on prefrontal oxygenation levels, as well as its modulation across age groups, remains insufficiently understood. 45 adults completed a within-subjects design completing 4 cognitive tasks before and after...
Amy Miller

α-Lipoic acid mitigates age-related cognitive decline by modulating PPARγ/NF-κB-mediated neuroinflammation

1 day 16 hours ago
CONCLUSIONS: LA mitigated age-related cognitive deficits by modulating neuroinflammation through PPARγ/NF-κB suppression. Our findings highlighted the therapeutic potential of LA in aging-related cognitive decline and the role of the PPARγ/NF-κB axis in neuroinflammation regulation. As an exploratory study with a limited sample size, these findings offer promising insights that would benefit from future confirmation in larger cohorts.
Zhenyuan Zhang

Integrated omics reveals disease-associated radial glia-like cells with epigenetically dysregulated interferon response in multiple sclerosis

2 days 16 hours ago
Progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) involves a persistent, maladaptive inflammatory process with numerous cellular drivers. We generated induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) from patient fibroblasts through a direct reprogramming protocol that preserved their epigenome, which revealed a PMS-specific hypomethylation of lipid metabolism and interferon (IFN) signaling genes. Single-cell multi-omics uncovered a novel, disease-associated radial glia-like cell (DARG) subpopulation in PMS cell lines...
Bongsoo Park

Choreography of rapid actin filament disassembly by coronin, cofilin, and AIP1

2 days 16 hours ago
Rapid remodeling of actin filament (F-actin) networks is essential for the movement and morphogenesis of eukaryotic cells. The conserved actin-binding proteins coronin, cofilin, and actin-interacting protein 1 (AIP1) act in synergy to promote rapid F-actin network disassembly, but the underlying mechanisms have remained elusive. Here, using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), we uncover the concerted molecular actions of coronin, cofilin, and AIP1 that lead to actin filament aging and severing....
Wout Oosterheert

Exercise Interventions Involving Minimal Equipment for Community-Dwelling Adults With Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2 days 16 hours ago
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Our findings suggest that exercise interventions involving minimal equipment show promising benefits in various outcome domains among community-dwelling adults with dementia. However, given the low certainty of evidence, more studies of higher quality are needed to confirm these findings.
Nien Xiang Tou

Machine learning assessment of cognitive reserve using functional near-infrared spectroscopy in older adults with cognitive frailty

2 days 16 hours ago
Cognitive reserve mitigates aging-related cognitive decline and frailty, yet current assessments lack neurobiological specificity. We aimed to develop a noninvasive, functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-based machine learning model to classify cognitive reserve levels in older adults with cognitive frailty. Seventy-one community-dwelling adults underwent resting-state and task-based (Stroop, n-back) fNIRS scans. Graph theory metrics and task-related β-values were extracted. Support...
Wanrui Wei

Polypharmacy appropriateness in Italian Long-Term Care Facilities: the nationwide prescription day point survey

2 days 16 hours ago
Global population aging is increasing the demand for Long-Term Care Facilities to support older adults with complex health needs. The Prescription Day LTCFs project is a national multicenter point-prevalence study, conducted by the Italian Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics in collaboration with the ANASTE Humanitas Foundation, investigated medication prescription patterns and administration practices in 3,400 residents across 82 facilities in Italy. Participants had a mean age of 84.7 years,...
Alba Malara

GHSR suppression in neurons protects against aging-associated metabolic and cognitive impairments

2 days 16 hours ago
Aging is accompanied by progressive declines in metabolic and cognitive functions. Growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), a receptor for the gut hormone ghrelin, is highly expressed in neurons and plays a crucial role in metabolic regulation. We previously reported that aged global GHSR-ablated mice are lean and insulin-sensitive, and that neuronal GHSR-deleted mice (Syn1-cre;Ghsr^(f/f)) completely prevent diet-induced obesity. However, the role of neuronal GHSR in metabolic and cognitive...
Hongying Wang

Bone Loss and TLR4 Signals Contribute Independently to B Lineage Aging

2 days 16 hours ago
B cell development declines with age, but how structural changes in the marrow environment contribute to that process is incompletely understood. Multiplexed volumetric imaging revealed that B lineage cells were enriched near bone, and trabecular bone in particular, in young mice. However, B cell progenitors were depleted from these regions in strains of old mice that exhibited senile osteoporosis. In striking contrast, the age-related decline of B lymphopoiesis was attenuated in mice in which...
Erin Baker

Reduced Mitochondrial Adenine Nucleotide Translocase 1 (ANT1) Correlates With Aging-Associated Airway Remodeling

2 days 16 hours ago
Aging generates a variety of phenotypes in the lungs with increased alveolar airspaces or emphysema, decreased surface area, and increased disease susceptibility. Senescence, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction are known contributory factors. However, the underlying mechanisms promoting unhealthy aging remain unclear. Adenine nucleotide Translocase 1 (ANT1), a mitochondrial ADP/ATP transporter, is important for mitochondrial metabolism. Loss of ANT1 has been implicated in the...
Roshani Jha

Strain-associated nanoscale fluctuating lithium transport within single-crystalline LiNi<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>Co<sub>1/3</sub>O<sub>2</sub> cathode particles

3 days 16 hours ago
Solid-state lithium diffusion dynamics are critical for the rate capability and longevity of Li-ion batteries. Conventionally, nanoscale lithium diffusion within individual battery particles has been simplified as being primarily driven by concentration gradients, despite the associated processes inducing local lattice expansion, contraction, and strain fields. Using operando scanning transmission soft X-ray microscopy with high spatial resolution and chemical sensitivity to track nanoscale...
Danwon Lee

Dual-ligand engineered exosome regulates WNT signaling activation to promote liver repair and regeneration

3 days 16 hours ago
WNT signaling is an essential pathway regulating tissue morphogenesis and regeneration. However, harnessing the pathway for regenerative medicine has been challenging due to the lack of approaches to identify and deliver specific WNT ligands to the target tissue. Herein, we reported that WNT and R-spondin (RSPO) proteins could be transported on engineered exosomes and activate the pathway synergistically. We showed that WNT3A and RSPO1 co-treatment could effectively regulate hepatic cell fate...
Lingyan Yang

Gene expression composite scores of cellular senescence predict aging health outcomes in the Health and Retirement Study

3 days 16 hours ago
Cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, can be quantified by the gene expression composite scores for the canonical senescence pathway (CSP), senescence initiating pathway (SIP), senescence response pathway (SRP), a summary of the three, and the SenMayo gene list; however, these have not been probed in representative populations. Using RNA sequencing data from the U.S. representative Health and Retirement Study (HRS) sample (N = 3580), we examine how these composite scores relate to...
Qiao Wu

Probing buccal-customized epigenetic clocks to investigate socioeconomic and health disparities

3 days 16 hours ago
Epigenetic clocks are emerging as promising tools for examining social and health disparities. These measures are typically developed using blood DNA methylation (DNAm) data. Cheek swabs, being less invasive than blood collection, can be used to assay buccal DNAm. This study examines how buccal-originated epigenetic clocks relate to socioeconomic status (SES) and health, and compares these associations to those of blood-originated clocks applied to buccal DNAm in the German SOEP cohort (N =...
Qiao Wu

Combined creatine and HMB co-supplementation improves functional strength independent of muscle mass in physically active older adults: a randomized crossover trial

3 days 16 hours ago
Sarcopenia is a major contributor to frailty and functional decline among older adults. Combining exercise with nutritional strategies such as creatine monohydrate (CRE) and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation may help to preserve strength and independence. To evaluate the effects of 6-week CRE + HMB supplementation combined with an integral physical conditioning (IPC) program on functional strength and body composition in physically active older adults. In a randomized,...
Rafael Ramos-Hernández
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