Aging & Longevity

Immune defenses decline with age, increasing susceptibility to influenza. Vaccination remains the most effective strategy to prevent severe disease and death, but its efficacy is reduced in older adults, particularly against influenza A(H3N2). The mechanisms underlying this age-related decline in vaccine-specific antibody responses remain unclear. We investigated the magnitude and quality of influenza-specific T-cell responses following quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccination in adults...

CONCLUSIONS: Inclusion of fish in a healthy and balanced diet is associated with better white matter grades on MRI and slower progression of white matter hyperintensities and reduction of vascular-related lesions of the aging brain, suggesting a potential role in preventing neurocognitive deterioration. Heterogeneity across studies underscores the need for additional studies.

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Cellular senescence is defined as an irreversible growth arrest observed when cells are exposed to a variety of stressors, including DNA damage, oxidative stress, or nutrient deprivation. Although senescence is a well-established driver of aging and age-related diseases, it is a highly heterogeneous process with significant variations across organisms, tissues, and cell types. The relatively low abundance of senescent cells in healthy aged tissues poses a major challenge to the longitudinal...

Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive neurodegeneration, primarily caused by a functional defect in NPC1 resulting from gene mutations. NPC1, a lysosomal transmembrane protein, acts as a transporter of cholesterol from the lysosome to the endoplasmic reticulum, and its dysfunction results in the intracellular accumulation of unesterified cholesterol. Although microgliosis with accumulated cholesterol has been reported in NPC, the...

Emergency department (ED) length of stay (LOS) is associated with adverse outcomes and increases with age, but the extent to which this reflects differences beyond triage acuity is unclear. Emergency department (ED) length of stay (LOS) is associated with adverse outcomes and increases with age, but the extent to which this reflects differences beyond triage acuity is unclear.We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adult ED visits at a tertiary hospital in Hungary between 2016 and 2023 (n =...

Immunosenescence, the progressive aging of the immune system, is characterized by changes in immune cell composition and function that increase susceptibility to disease. However, how biological sex shapes immune aging at the cellular level remains poorly understood. Here, we analyze single-cell RNA sequencing data from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 982 female and male donors across adulthood. We find that aging drives sexually dimorphic compositional and transcriptional changes,...

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Several chemotherapeutics induce cancer cells to senescence, a persistent growth-arrest state associated with poor cancer prognosis. Relevant features in cancer cell biology, such as phenotypic plasticity and intercellular variability, are poorly understood for senescent cells (SnCs). This study examined the morphofunctional heterogeneity and dynamics of glioblastoma cells induced to senescence by Temozolomide (TMZ), focusing on pro-survival mechanisms, including autophagy and anti-apoptotic...

Changing family structures, nuclearization and urbanization are reshaping the socialization and support networks of older adults. Smaller families and migration reduce direct care and engagement opportunities, impacting health and functional ability in the growing aging population. The study explored social networks and perceived social support for older adults in rural and urban Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, through 33 in-depth interviews (22 older adults and 11 caregivers). Using the Convoy Model...

CONCLUSIONS: Integrated community-based rehabilitation programs that combine physical activity with intentional social participation, when delivered alongside existing formal lifelong learning programs, offer multidimensional benefits for older adults and may promote more inclusive and participatory approaches to aging.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial in building the extracellular environment and translating extracellular information into biochemical signals that sustain tissue functions. Fibulin-5 (Fbln5) is a multifunctional ECM protein essential for forming elastic fibers and regulating cellular functions by binding to integrins. Although fibulin-5 expression decreases with age in human skin, its functional implications, particularly in epidermal stem cell regulation, remain largely unexplored....

Salidroside, a phenolic compound derived from Rhodiola rosea L., has been widely utilized in cosmetics and medicine for its anti-melanogenic properties. However, its role in collagen regeneration during skin aging remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of salidroside on collagen synthesis and explored its underlying mechanisms in a murine model of skin aging. Administering salidroside (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg) orally for 28 days significantly increased dermal thickness,...

To investigate the protective effects of Nvshi Oral Liquid on skin aging and oxidative stress in 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD)-induced menopausal rats and Ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiated HaCaT cells. VCD-induced menopausal rats and UVB-damaged HaCaT cells under low-estrogen conditions were established. Nvshi Oral Liquid was administered at low (2%), medium (6%), and high (10%) concentrations. Cell viability, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase...

CONCLUSIONS: DART provides a novel solution to AE reporting challenges faced by aging and serious illness researchers. While its design centers on seriously ill older adults, DART can likely be applied to research in any population and intervention type not regulated by the FDA. Future pilot testing will inform implementation.

BACKGROUND: Healthy aging is a key public health priority in Hong Kong. The Healthy Aging Questionnaire, originally developed and validated in Singapore for older adults, is a concise tool for assessing multiple dimensions of healthy aging.

CONCLUSION: Psychiatric comorbidity is associated with earlier AD onset and reduced lifespan; however, post-diagnosis survival appears to be largely determined by AD progression itself.

Human aging is marked by a steady rise in the risk of dying with age-a process demographers call senescence. Over the past century, life expectancy has risen dramatically, but is this because we are aging slower, or simply starting it later? Vaupel hypothesizes that the pace at which individuals age may be constant, with gains in longevity coming from the delayed onset of senescence rather than its slowing down. We test this idea using a framework that decomposes the pace of senescence into...

At the blood-tissue interface, vasculature luminal surface is critical for molecular transport, signaling transduction, and cell extravasation. Here, we present a method for proteomic profiling of the vasculature luminal surface in vivo, broadly applicable to any vertebrate. Quantitative mass spectrometry revealed the luminal surface proteome of the mouse brain vasculature and its temporal evolution from development to aging. In vivo genetic perturbation found that the arginine transporter...

Hand grip strength (HGS) is a predictor of cognitive decline in aging. To understand the direct and indirect mechanisms underlying this association, we performed integrative analyses of genetic, cognitive, and autopsy data. A polygenic risk score for HGS (PRS(HGS)) was calculated in two independent studies of aging (total n = 25,227). Cross-sectional and longitudinal modeling, including mediation with physical activity, assessed the effects of PRS(HGS) on cognitive performance and postmortem...