Aging & Longevity

Despite recent advances, the fill factor (FF) of perovskite solar cells remains limited, largely owing to defect-related recombination. Paradoxically, most defect passivation approaches still depend on solvents, which deteriorate stability and pose challenges for large-scale fabrication. Here, we introduce a vapor-phase deposited from a liquid triethylammonium pentafluoropropionate (TEA-PFP) layer on top of perovskite. During deposition, TEA⁺ reacts with residual PbI(2) to generate a...

Relationships between the concentration of circulating IGFBP-7 and risk of disease and mortality have been suggested by small-scale investigations. In this prospective study, we investigated these relationships among 53,003 UK Biobank participants. Higher IGFBP-7 level was significantly associated with increased risk for liver cancer, all-cause mortality, diabetes, and other diseases. Associations were robust across sex and age groups and persisted over long follow-up. IGFBP-7 polygenic risk...

During an immune response, T cells face one of the most consequential decisions of their lifespan upon recognition of a ligand they have not previously encountered: whether to exit the naive basal state, undergo clonal expansion and acquire effector functions. This process is often portrayed as a binary switch, in which naive cells from a highly diverse repertoire transition from an 'off' state to an 'on' state. However, this digital view overlooks the crucial prior information that T cells...

Aging in the mammalian brain involves significant structural, functional, and metabolic changes, including a decrease in glutamate concentration. Glutamate-weighted chemical exchange saturation transfer (gluCEST) MRI provides a non-invasive method for mapping glutamate distribution with high spatial resolution. Collecting data from a large cohort of healthy mice aged 2 to 23 months, scanned in vivo at 17.2 T, we demonstrate that gluCEST can differentiate multiple brain regions, and introduce a...

CONCLUSION: Age-related differences in CMI were more prominent for gait than for memory tasks. Findings support that DT performance incrementally declines with age. Middle-aged and older adults had similar gait destabilization in different DT walking demands, but older adults had higher interference with DT walking of auditory processing demands. Retrieval tasks during walking expose early deficits in middle-aged adults that differentiate them from younger adults. Results further suggest...

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Supplemental oxygen (hyperoxia), often provided to premature infants, can disrupt lung growth and contribute to development of neonatal and pediatric lung diseases, necessitating understanding of underlying mechanisms. We previously showed that even moderate hyperoxia (< 60% O(2)) induces detrimental cellular senescence in 18-22 weeks human fetal airway smooth muscle (fASM), a key cell type in airway contractility and remodeling. In this study, we examined the ability of senotherapeutics...

Among older adults with early breast cancer, the risk of chemotoxicity can vary widely despite similar chronological age. Here, we evaluated whether epigenetic indicators of biological age can stratify the risk of chemotoxicity in this population. In a prospective study of 394 women age > 65 with stage I-III breast cancer treated with neo/adjuvant chemotherapy, we analyzed peripheral blood DNA methylation patterns to estimate epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) before chemotherapy. We tested five...

Aging profoundly alters the neuromotor and cognitive systems that support gait control, leading to increased variability and instability that predict functional decline and dementia risk. In this pilot study, conducted to inform the design of the Semmelweis Study gait assessment pipeline, we examined how aging and cognitive load influence the magnitude and temporal organization of gait fluctuations. The Semmelweis Study is a large, prospective workplace cohort at Semmelweis University designed...

Although plasma pTau181 has been shown to accurately discriminate patients with Alzheimer's disease from healthy older adults, there are few studies of plasma biomarkers among middle-aged populations. Given the potential utility of plasma AD biomarkers such as pTau181 in screening for disease risk, examining pTau181 in a middle-aged cohort without AD is important for future implementation. The objectives of this study were to characterise plasma pTau181 in a middle-aged birth cohort aged 45...

Chronic sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) to end organs plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of obesity-induced hypertension. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), a key brainstem region regulating sympathetic outflow, have been implicated in the sympathetic overactivity in obesity. However, the upstream mechanisms driving RVLM neuroinflammation remain unknown. We hypothesized that obesity induces cellular senescence, a stress response...

CONCLUSION: Through integrated transcriptomic analysis together with in vitro experimental validation, this study indicates that TMEM140 may be a candidate bridge molecule connecting PD and AD comorbidity. TMEM140 may participate in shaping the peripheral-central immunosenescence network and contribute to the cross-system transmission of inflammatory signaling.

Aging involves morphological and functional changes across different organs, but how these changes are linked among the different organs remains to be elucidated. Here, we uncover a central role of platelets in systemic aging. In aged mice, the levels of platelet-secreted pro-inflammatory factors (PSPF) increased greatly in the serum and platelets, leading to a diffuse increase of platelet infiltration in the brain, liver, lung, kidney, and aortic root. The RNA-binding protein HuR/ELAVL1, a...

Deoxyribonucleic acid provides unmatched information density and longevity for data storage, yet its easy amplification by polymerase chain reaction enables unauthorized replication at negligible cost. We introduce ZAT-DNA, which encodes information in patterns of canonical adenine and noncanonical 2-aminoadenine. As DNA polymerases cannot distinguish adenine from 2-aminoadenine, polymerase-based amplification erases these patterns, enforcing molecular-layer non-replicability intrinsic to the...

By eliciting lung necrosis, which enhances aerosol transmission, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) sustains its long-term survival as a human pathogen. In studying the human-like necrotic granuloma lesions characteristic of Mtb-infected B6.Sst1S mice, we found that lung myeloid cells display elevated senescence markers: cell cycle arrest proteins p21 and p16, the DNA damage marker γH2A.X, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). These...

Metabolism unfolds within specific organelles in eukaryotic cells. Lysosomes are highly metabolically active organelles, and their metabolic states dynamically influence signal transduction, cellular homeostasis and organismal physiopathology. Despite the importance of lysosomal metabolism, a method for its in vivo measurement is currently lacking. Here we report a fluorescence-detected mid-infrared photothermal microscope (FILM) implemented with optical boxcar demodulation, artificial...

CONCLUSION: The DoMAP model provides a structured framework for capturing the diverse etiologies of malnutrition in older patients. This study emphasizes the multifactorial nature of malnutrition in hospitalized patients, with low intake and poor appetite emerging as predominant drivers.

Recent advances in van der Waals materials have sparked renewed interest in the impact of dimensionality on magnetic phase transitions. Although ordered magnetic phases have been demonstrated to survive in the two-dimensional (2D) limit, the quest for a spin glass with quenched magnetic disorder in lower dimensions has proven elusive. Here, we provide evidence of a spin glass emerging from randomly distributed Fe atoms in Fe(3)GeTe(2) (FGT). ac magnetic susceptibility displays a strong frequency...

Aging researchers and the removal of retirement policies yield decreased disruptive innovation in science.

CONCLUSION: In healthy older adults, adherence to a healthy lifestyle was associated with a greater likelihood of surviving free from disability and dementia and was prospectively linked with a prolonged healthspan and a compression of morbidity, highlighting its potential importance in promoting healthy aging.