Aging & Longevity

No abstract

CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this study is the first to characterize and correlate the diversity of both the OM and GM with systemic FFA and cytokine profiles in a cohort of healthy adults, highlighting the critical role of age in shaping microbiome composition and associated metabolites. Integrating microbiota profiling with serum FFA and cytokine measurements enhances our understanding of how the microbiome may influence health and disease risk across the adult lifespan.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Referral decisions for post-acute care are influenced by individual-, hospital-, and community-level factors. As the use of HHC continues to grow, greater attention is needed to how these decisions are made to ensure equitable access to preferred and appropriate care for older adults.

The Drosophila proventriculus is a bulb-shaped structure at the juncture of the foregut and the midgut, which plays important roles in ingestion, peritrophic membrane synthesis, and the immune response to oral pathogens. A previous study identified a population of cells in the proventriculus which incorporate bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), a marker of DNA synthesis, and proposed that these cycling cells are multipotent stem cells that replace dying cells elsewhere in the tissue. Here, we...

Exposure to non-relational trauma, such as serious accidents, war or life-threatening illness, is linked to poor mental and physical health. Its relationship with biological ageing markers, however, remains underexplored. This study's aim was to examine associations between non-relational trauma and multiple biological ageing markers, and to assess whether associations vary by trauma burden, trauma type and sex. We analysed UK Biobank data from 152,863 participants (mean age = 56.4 years; 56.5%...

Epigenetic remodeling is a hallmark of aging, yet which epigenetic layers are most affected during aging-and the extent to which they are interrelated-is not well understood. Here, we perform a comprehensive analysis of epigenetic aging encompassing 6 histone marks and DNA methylation measured across 12 tissues from > 1000 humans and mice. We identify a synchronized pattern of age-related changes across these epigenetic layers, with all changes converging upon a common set of genes. Notably, an...

Granular materials densify under repeated mechanical perturbations, nonequilibrium dynamics that underlies many natural and industrial processes. Because granular relaxation is governed by frictional contacts and energy dissipation, this aging behavior fundamentally differs from that of thermal glasses despite their apparent similarities. Here, we uncover how friction controls the compaction dynamics of granular packings subjected to quasistatic cyclic shear. Using discrete element simulations,...

Partial reprogramming has emerged as a promising strategy to reset the epigenetic landscape of aged cells towards more youthful profiles. Recent advancements have included the development of chemical reprogramming cocktails that can lower the epigenetic and transcriptomic age of cells and upregulate mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation. However, the ability of these cocktails to affect biological age in a mammalian aging model has yet to be tested. Here, we have characterized...

The geroscience hypothesis suggests that understanding mechanisms underlying aging will enable us to delay and lessen age-related disability and diseases. The role of mechanical factors has been increasingly appreciated in many aspects of the aging process. Here, we use mouse models to investigate changes in the biomechanics of the proximal pulmonary artery, lung function, and right ventricle function in aging. We found an age-related decreased capacity to store energy and increased...

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: This study demonstrates that multiple falls are a significant predictor of future dementia and highlights the importance of fall frequency. Recurrent falls may serve as a potential clinical marker for identifying individuals at higher risk. Clinicians should maintain heightened vigilance for cognitive decline in middle-aged and older adults with a history of recurrent falls to facilitate early detection of dementia. Given the limited evidence base and high...

Cognitive and psychiatric comorbidities are among the most persistent and disabling challenges experienced by children and adults with epilepsy, with serious implications for daily functioning, health-care utilization, long-term social outcomes and quality of life. Traditionally, research has focused on epilepsy-specific biological risk factors, such as seizure frequency or epilepsy syndrome, but growing evidence indicates that non-medical factors also shape neurodevelopmental, cognitive and...

CONCLUSION: Trajectories of total depressive symptoms marked by escalation, instability, or sustained elevation exhibited significantly elevated stroke risk. In contrast, individuals displaying decreasing depressive symptoms exhibit stroke risk comparable to those maintaining consistently low levels. Specifically, an ascending trajectory of cognitive-affective symptoms, alongside unstable and persistently elevated trajectories of somatic symptoms, are linked to increased stroke risk. These...

CONCLUSION: This study provides the first integrative single-cell transcriptomic map of microglial-myeloid interactions after TBI across multiple tissues and time points, linking microglial signaling to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation. These findings lay the foundation for therapeutic strategies targeting myeloid-driven immune regulation in TBI.

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are among the most significant health challenges of aging, characterized by progressive cognitive and motor decline. Increasing evidence suggests that these conditions are not inevitable outcomes of aging but may instead be driven by preventable mechanisms involving oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and disruptions in homeostasis. This manuscript proposes a preventive framework that integrates...

Neuronal aging and neurodegenerative diseases are accompanied by proteostasis collapse, while the cellular factors that trigger it have not been identified. Impaired mitochondrial transport in the axon is another feature of aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Using Drosophila, we found that genetic depletion of axonal mitochondria causes dysregulation of protein degradation. Axons with mitochondrial depletion showed abnormal protein accumulation and autophagic defects. Lowering neuronal ATP...

White matter degeneration in aging drives cognitive and motor decline. Oligodendrocytes (OLs) and their precursors are central to this process. Their intrinsic aging, marked by differentiation failure, metabolic and mitochondrial deficits, and transcriptional epigenetic dysregulation, causes myelin thinning and axonal support loss. Degeneration is amplified by dysfunctional crosstalk: microglia clear debris poorly and turn inflammatory; astrocytes disrupt lipid balance and secrete inflammatory...

Lysosomes are responsible for clearing cellular waste and facilitating material recycling, thus playing a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and even in resisting the development of various diseases. Lysosomes are highly dynamic organelles. While typically exhibiting a vesicular morphology, lysosomes can remodel into tubular structures under specific conditions; this morphological plasticity underpins their functional complexity. Aging triggers significant lysosomal morphological...

CONCLUSIONS: Avoiding increases in perceived social exclusion could encourage the decision to donate, an important prosocial behavior, pending further longitudinal evidence. Cross-country comparisons are recommended.

CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we explored the association between ALM or sarcopenia and multiple health outcomes, highlighting the widespread impact of ALM on systemic health condition. These findings provide new epidemiological evidence on how ALM or sarcopenia influence the health status among the U.S.

N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) orchestrates RNA fate decisions through a dynamic interplay of writers, erasers, and readers, modulating splicing, stability, and translation. This review unveils how m⁶A fine-tunes senescence-associated pathways (p53/p21, p16-RB) with cancer-context-dependent duality-either as a tumor suppressor or promoter of progression/resistance. Leveraging single-cell and spatial omics, we dissect m⁶A's spatiotemporal heterogeneity in tumor-immune ecosystems. We consolidate...