Aging & Longevity

No abstract

Neurodegenerative disorders alter mitochondrial functions, including the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondrial complex III (CIII) generates ROS implicated in redox signalling, but its triggers, temporal dynamics, targets and disease relevance are not clear. Here, using site-selective suppressors and genetic manipulations together with live mitochondrial ROS imaging and multiomic profiling, we show that CIII is a dominant source of ROS production in astrocytes exposed to...

CONCLUSION: Against our hypothesis, the present pilot study indicated that neither a 12-week MMI nor UMI seems to have a sizable impact on gait parameters and cognitive performance in physically active healthy adults. Still, a significant increase in the external load used during resistance training was observed, implying neuromuscular adaptations, which, however, did not translate into a higher gait and/or cognitive performance.

CONCLUSION: This study observed distinct trajectories of care expenditure among older people at the end-of-life and multiple factors contributed to these patterns. Most followed a trajectory where both where health and social expenditure remained high and persons relied on care in their own homes. These findings provide insight into the care resources used during the last year of life and may serve to inform future policies on care planning in the context of an ageing population.

Aging is a predominant risk factor for heart disease. Aging heart reveals low-grade chronic inflammation, cell apoptosis, cardiac fibrosis, and increased vulnerability to ischemic injury. The underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for cardiac aging and its susceptibility to injury are not fully understood. Although literature reports a role for mitochondrial Arginase 2 (ARG2) in heart failure, contradictory results are reported. How ARG2 participates in cardiac aging is still unknown. In...

Non-lethal exposure to mitochondrial stress has been shown to have beneficial effects due to activation of signaling pathways, including the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR^(mt)). Activation of UPR^(mt) restores the function of the mitochondria and improves general health and longevity in multiple model systems, termed mitohormesis. In C. elegans, mitohormesis can be accomplished by electron transport chain inhibition, a decline in mitochondrial translation, decreased mitochondrial...

Ageing is a complex biological process driven, in part, by inflammaging. Recent research identifies the ectodysplasin A2 receptor (EDA2R) as a key regulator of inflammaging and a novel biomarker of ageing, with its expression increasing with age across diverse tissues in humans and animal models. Elevated EDA2R gene expression is associated with accelerated ageing, cellular senescence, frailty, obesity, acne, radiation response and increased levels of inflammatory, renal, cardiac and vascular...

CONCLUSION: HLS induced segment-specific changes in the aged intestine, with atrophic and inflammatory alterations in the ileum and increased markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in the colon. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to preserve gastrointestinal health in immobilized elderly patients.

Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) metabolism is independently regulated in different compartments in endothelial cells (EC). The metabolic profile and functional impact of NADPH during EC senescence remain largely unknown. Using a genetically encoded fluorescent indicator, we find that cytosolic, but not mitochondrial, NADPH level increases during EC senescence. Upregulation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) further elevates cytosolic NADPH level during EC...

Biomass-derived recyclable materials that can replace petrochemical-derived plastics are highly sought for a sustainable future. However, incumbent materials often face performance deterioration challenges owing to the aging issues after use in the environment. Here, we present a self-reinforcing, recyclable, unprecedented polyester material derived entirely from biomass lignin and soybeans, mimicking the self-reinforcement mechanism of biological systems. Our material leverages a [2 +...

Prevention of Alzheimer disease (AD) is a medical challenge owing to its complex pathogenesis, which involves amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau aggregation, neuroinflammation and progressive neurodegeneration. Development of disease-specific biomarkers has transformed our ability to detect AD pathology early, enabling more accurate diagnosis, monitoring and the development of targeted disease-modifying therapies. Consequently, primary and secondary prevention of AD have become feasible goals. In this...

Female reproductive aging is accompanied by a sharp increase in egg aneuploidy rates. Premature loss of chromosome cohesion proteins and early separation of chromosomes are thought to cause high aneuploidy rates during maternal aging. However, because cohesion loss occurs gradually throughout a woman's reproductive lifespan, and because cytoskeletal defects alone can lead to chromosomal abnormalities, the main causes of the rapid rise in aneuploidy at older reproductive ages are still unclear....

Aging is a dynamic process across a dog's lifespan, with age-related changes impacting how dogs function in their companion and working roles. However, the impact of aging on key sensory modalities, such as olfaction, is not well understood. The current study aimed to characterize age-related changes in canine olfactory abilities via an adaptation of the Natural Detection Task. Data were collected on 65 dogs aged 5 years or older, with 44 dogs completing all components of the task. We found...

CONCLUSIONS: The 12-week web-based aerobic dance exercise program selectively improved walking speed, suggesting its potential to enhance a specific aspect of locomotor function in older adults. Given their accessibility and scalability, web-based interventions may help in promoting functional independence and healthy aging. Future research should explore the long-term effects and optimize the program to maximize its impact.

CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight the influence of neuroanatomical aging and WMH burden on post-stroke language deficits, supporting the consideration of both brain-PAD and WMH severity when assessing aphasia severity to inform clinical assessment and treatment planning.

CONCLUSION: Regular physical activity may enhance cognitive adaptability and selective inhibition in older adults. Behavioral improvements were more evident than neural differences between the groups, highlighting the potential of everyday physical activity to support cognitive resilience in aging. This study provides neurophysiological evidence supporting the integration of physical activity into cognitive intervention strategies for older populations.

INTRODUCTION: The concept of cognitive resilience (CR) has emerged to explain the lack of correlation between the extent of brain lesions and the severity of cognitive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Age-related functional decline has emerged as a major challenge to human health and societal development. Safe and effective anti-aging interventions, particularly those involving natural products, offer promising strategies to delay aging and promote healthy longevity. In this study, we used Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) models to investigate the anti-aging effects and underlying mechanisms of Liu Jun Zi Decoction (LJZD), a traditional Chinese herbal formula. The results showed that LJZD...

CONCLUSION: Our findings show that OliFuco is a promising nutritional intervention for mitigating sarcopenia by preserving muscle mass and function in aging populations, offering a novel strategy to address age-related muscle decline.

BACKGROUND: Antinutritional factors (antinutrients) are bioactive compounds in plant-derived foods that can impair nutrient absorption and reduce the bioavailability of proteins, carbohydrates, and essential minerals. Major representatives include phytates, oxalates, lectins, tannins, saponins, and enzyme inhibitors, which have been associated with adverse nutritional outcomes through interference with nutrient uptake.