Aging & Longevity

The cation design of the multi-component dynamic concentration electrolytes that simultaneously achieve effective phase transition prevention and rapid kinetic process is challenging but vital for enhancing the performance of low-temperature zinc-bromine flow batteries. Herein, we employ NH(4)^(+) as supporting electrolyte cation to break inherent trade-off between salting-out at low temperatures and ion transport kinetic from the alkali cations (K^(+), Na^(+) and Li^(+)). Compared to commonly...

Biological aging is a complex process associated with declining physiological function and increased risk of aging-related diseases. However, its risk factors and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we performed a comprehensive integrative analysis to identify putative risk factors and molecular phenotypes associated with four epigenetic aging acceleration and human longevity. We first investigated the association between aging-related traits and potential risk factors using...

The spinal cord connects the brain to peripheral systems. Yet its integration with cerebral networks remains a key neuroscience question. Capturing structural and functional central nervous system (CNS) changes throughout the lifespan is essential for characterizing healthy and pathological aging. Leveraging a unique multimodal dataset combining spinal and cerebrospinal imaging, we jointly mapped the spinal cord structural and functional architecture across adulthood. Our results revealed...

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Obesity is a risk factor for compromised health and a driver for non-communicable diseases. Effects of various fats on health, behavior, and other parameters have been studied using different model organisms, including fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster, by exposing them to dietary fats (saturated and trans fatty acids). However, the long-term and short-term effects of dietary unsaturated fatty acids (USFA) on physiology and sleep-activity behavior are relatively less explored. Hence, the...

Aging is associated with progressive testicular dysfunction, including disruption of the blood-testis barrier (BTB), loss of junctional proteins, impaired spermatogenesis, and reduced fertility. This study examined the therapeutic effects of Mucuna pruriens (M. pruriens), a leguminous plant with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, on age-related degeneration of testicular junctional molecules in male Wistar albino rats. Adult (4-5 months) and aged (20-22 months) rats were...

Cellular senescence drives chronic sterile inflammation during aging via the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, yet the senescent cell types responsible are poorly defined. Macrophages share multiple features of senescence, including inflammatory secretion, yet whether macrophages can adopt a senescent state remains unclear. Here we identify p21⁺Trem2⁺ senescent macrophages as a major source of inflammaging, using primary mouse and human macrophage models of DNA damage and...

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Older individuals often live with diverse combinations of chronic diseases. However, whether multimorbidity contributes to glycaemic dysregulation remains unclear. Here we show that cumulative disease trajectories shape interindividual glycaemic variability throughout the ageing process. Tracking 1,398 participants in the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study cohort over 12 years, we develop a systemic multimorbidity index (MMI-system) that reflects the cumulative burden of chronic disorders. We...

Plasma proteomic aging clocks estimate biological age and are linked to age-related diseases, but thus far, there has been little focus on circulating extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, which play a central role in tissue structure and age-related decline. Here, we use publicly available proteomic datasets to profile plasma ECM protein abundances across the human lifespan and reveal a distinct U-shaped trajectory with age. Our ECM-based aging clock, constructed from 14 plasma proteins,...

Middle-aged/older (MA/O) men with low testosterone have greater oxidative stress-mediated vascular endothelial dysfunction, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Testosterone deficiency impairs mitochondria, a source and target of oxidative stress. Whether the greater vascular endothelial dysfunction in MA/O men with low testosterone is related to mitochondrial dysfunction is unknown. This cross-sectional study measured mitochondrial respiration in peripheral blood mononuclear...

Sarcopenia is characterized by age-related declines in muscle strength and mass, along with impaired physical function. It remains an unmet medical need, and there are no pharmacological interventions approved for this indication. The activation of growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR)-1a, also known as ghrelin receptor, stimulates food intake and has acute anabolic effects. However, its impact on aging muscles remains uncertain. We examined the effects of GHSR-1a deletion on sarcopenia...

Immunosenescence drives organismal aging, yet quantifying its heterogeneity to uncover therapeutic targets remains challenging. We construct a human immune aging clock from single-cell multi-omics data of nearly 1.2 million human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 230 individuals, precisely mapping immune aging. T cell (TC) transcriptomes are key predictors, revealing hallmarks such as naive cell loss and clonal contraction. This framework identifies the transcription factor RUNX1, whose...

Regulated cell death-processes such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis-is essential for development, tissue homeostasis, and response to infection or cellular stress. The proteins involved in regulated cell death necessarily possess powerful and potentially damaging activities, including proteolysis, membrane pore formation, DNA cleavage, and inflammatory pathway activation. Traditionally, these activities drive cell death. However, sub-lethal activation of these pathways...

B cell development is one of the best-understood processes within the immune system. Coordination between transcriptional programs and antigen receptor assembly determines B cell fate, diversifies the antibody repertoire, and allocates specificities to the best-suited subsets. This enables B cells to respond to a wide variety of challenges, which, when encountered, can lead B cells to seemingly converge upon a common fate: the antibody-secreting plasma cell. Yet, as we discuss in this review,...

Gaining precise control of gene expression is crucial in biomedical applications. However, spatiotemporal precision remains challenging. Here, we present a remotely controlled in vivo gene switch responsive to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) that enables precise spatiotemporal activation of target genes. We uncovered the EMF-inducible gene switch activation mechanism via a CRISPR-Cas9 screen, identifying cytochrome b5 type B (Cyb5b) as an essential mediator likely acting as an EMF sensor. The...

CONCLUSION: This bibliometric survey defines the age and focus of the research into HGPS, with published research being highly concentrated and collaborative and showing possible future research directions in regenerative therapy and epigenetic control. Although the modern knowledge about the progeria condition has grown significantly, there is still a significant drawback of the psychosocial research, prolonged therapy trials, and equity in research participation globally. The results thus...

CONCLUSION: HIIT and plasma from young trained rats may offer protective or restorative benefits against sarcopenia. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of combining or alternating exercise and plasma-based strategies in elderly populations.

Transfer RNA genes (tDNAs) are essential genomic elements that safeguard translational fidelity. Using the T2T version of the human genome we have mapped the position of human tDNAs and analyzed their individual transcriptional activities. Then we have characterized, at single base resolution, the impact of somatic mutations in human tDNAs and its relationship to the transcriptional status of each gene. We confirm that tDNAs are hotspots for somatic mutagenesis, and show that they display...

Given intractable challenges faced by practical sodium-ion batteries in safety, lifespan and broad temperature adaptability with synergistic interfacial compatibility, persistent efforts in electrolyte engineering are imperative to expedite their commercialization. Here we design a molecular anchoring electrolyte with flame retardancy, oxidative/reductive reliability and electrochemical durability against various electrodes. Through multiple dipolar interactions (δ^(+)H-δ^(-)F and...