Aging & Longevity

CONCLUSION: Adverse trajectories of depressive symptoms, particularly persistent and increasing patterns, are consistently associated with elevated osteoarthritis risk across diverse populations. These findings underscore the importance of longitudinal mental health monitoring and suggest that early intervention for depressive symptoms may represent a modifiable pathway for osteoarthritis prevention. The observed effect modification patterns highlight the need for population-specific and...

CONCLUSION: The interpretable machine learning framework based on dietary antioxidant profiles can robustly predict accelerated biological aging. XGBoost demonstrated the best performance in predicting accelerated aging risk. Daidzein, apigenin, magnesium, zinc, and vitamin E are core dietary antioxidants closely associated with a reduced risk of accelerated biological aging. This study provides analytical reference at the large population level for the development of nutritional intervention...

CONCLUSION: Although 1-RM estimates derived from the corrected V(1RM) showed minimal average bias, interindividual variability persisted across both estimation methods, limiting the accuracy of 1-RM predictions at the individual level.

CONCLUSION: In addition to the vitality, cognition and psychology IC domains, environmental factors including sufficiency of care, housing prices and PM(10) showed important direct associations with FA. Interactions between IC and the environment primarily involved social environmental factors. Further longitudinal research is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying these direct and interactive associations.

CONCLUSION: Hearing loss is consistently associated with increased depression risk in varied cultural contexts, underscoring the need for early screening and intervention in aging populations.

CONCLUSION: Greater degrees of ACEs exposure are associated with a heightened risk of IC impairment in middle-aged and older adults aged 45 and above in China. These findings highlight the importance of targeted screening and life-course trauma-informed care for individuals with high ACEs exposure in effectively identifying those at high risk of IC impairment and promoting healthy aging.

Cellular senescence, a complex multifactorial process, is involved in the pathophysiology of various age-related diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative disorders. Traditional interventions targeting single mechanisms yield limited efficacy. As a core hallmark and driver of aging, immunosenescence provides a critical target for precision interventions. This systematic review examines the hallmarks of aging, including cellular damage, epigenetic abnormalities, and...

The duration and dynamic evolution of surface water on Mars are key to understanding its past habitability. Utopia Planitia, Mars' largest northern basin, preserves mineralogical signatures of ancient aqueous activity that remains chronologically unconstrained. Here, we present the quantitative reconstruction of the Hesperian Ocean's lifecycle using spectral analysis of manganese (Mn) (hydr)oxides as paleohydrological markers. Our innovative Spectral Contrastive-Aware Network, a deep learning...

Major advances over the past few decades have highlighted the complex regulation of RNA from transcription to nuclear export and from translation to decay. Despite the emerging cellular landscape of malleable and multifunctional RNA molecules, the role of RNA dysregulation in ageing, one of the most fundamental processes of human biology, is underappreciated. Here we focus on ageing-linked dysregulation of the mRNA life cycle. We summarize how RNA metabolism steadily deviates throughout ageing...

Spatial transcriptomics has emerged as a transformative approach for in situ mapping of cellular heterogeneity and interactions, yet existing methods often compromise throughput, cost and tissue coverage. Here we introduce Imaging Reconstruction using Indexed Sequencing (IRISeq): an optics-free, cost-effective platform that leverages spatial interaction mapping by indexed sequencing to profile tissues at adjustable sizes and resolutions (5-50 µm). We applied IRISeq to map gene expression across...

Reducing activity of the mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with rapamycin extends lifespan and healthspan in many species. The mechanisms by which mTOR regulates lifespan and healthspan, however, are still unknown. Understanding how mTOR signaling in different cell types regulates lifespan and aspects of healthspan is urgently needed if we are to harness the potential individual and societal benefits of healthspan extension by mTOR attenuation. mTOR kinase can form two complexes,...

No abstract

Accurate measurement of brain vascular pathology is essential for understanding its role in cognitive aging. Here we classified participants using the amyloid-tau-neurodegeneration framework in a multicenter cohort and identified cerebrospinal fluid brain endothelial-derived small extracellular vesicles (c-BEEVs) as a sensitive biomarker, which correlated with vascular risk factors and the severity of small-vessel disease. c-BEEVs showed high diagnostic performance for vascular cognitive...

Organs age at different rates, yet the protective mechanisms contributing to decelerated aging in certain tissues remain unclear. Applying cross-tissue comparisons to molecular readouts of aging, here we report that the intervertebral disc (IVD) ages slowly. We link the rate of aging to the persistently hypoxic environment of the IVD, and its unique ability to degrade hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in nucleus pulposus cells through optineurin-mediated selective autophagy, thereby...

As ageing populations worldwide confront an increasing prevalence of neurological deficits, elucidating the underlying causes and associated factors has become paramount. The decline in age-related cellular processes precipitates neurodegeneration and cognitive decline, significantly impairing quality of life. Homocysteine (Hcy), a physiological amino acid resulting from protein catabolism, can lead to hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) when present at elevated levels. While the deleterious effects of...

Cancer risk increases exponentially with age. As the world's population grows older, the absolute number of cancer diagnoses and cancer-related deaths continues to rise globally, despite declines in age-adjusted cancer mortality in many high-income countries. However, there is still little known about how molecular features of tumors differ according to patient age and how these genomic alterations may impact the treatment of patients of advanced age compared to younger patients who are...

Individuals, even with matched genetics and environment, show substantial phenotypic variability. This variability may be part of a bet-hedging strategy, where populations express a range of phenotypes to ensure survival in unpredictable environments. In addition, phenotypic variability between individuals ('bet-hedging'), individuals also show variability in their phenotype across time, even absent external cues. There are few evolutionary theories that explain random shifts in phenotype across...

Vitality capacity (VC) reflects a physiological state and is a determinant domain of intrinsic capacity but has so far remained mainly theoretical. This study validates the vitality capacity domains 'energy and metabolism' and 'neuromuscular function' and examines its link to locomotor capacity and quality of life (QoL). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed on the combined dataset from the Fatigue Resistance AMErsfoort study (FRAME, n = 1000) and the Fatigue Plot study (FATPLOT,n =...

Facial features undergo continuous transformations across the lifespan. This study quantified and visualized the effects of aging on facial morphology in individuals of European ancestry. Three-dimensional facial photographs of 4,038 individuals (1,455 males and 2,583 females), aged 5 to 85 years and of European descent, were analyzed. Morphological changes in the face were modeled using kernel linear regression, with a focus on age-related changes. Age- and sex-specific expected facial shapes...

Due to aging, the efficiency of kidney function begins to decrease. Dysfunction in mitochondria and their cristae is a hallmark of aging. Therefore, age-related decline in kidney function could be attributed to changes in mitochondrial ultrastructure, increased reactive oxygen species, and alterations in metabolism and lipid composition. We sought to understand how mitochondrial ultrastructure is altered over time in tubular kidney cells. A serial block face-scanning electron microscope and...