Aging & Longevity

CONCLUSION: Iron deposition in the PUT exhibits the most significant age dependence; the correlation of iron deposition among nuclei may indicate that specific nuclei share the same iron deposition patterns or are involved in the same pathological mechanisms.

No abstract

CONCLUSION: A first fall report marked a period of accumulating physiological, psychological, and functional vulnerability in both cohorts. Because time zero was a survey report wave rather than the exact fall date, these event-aligned associations do not isolate acute causal effects. Nevertheless, a first fall report may provide a useful trigger for comprehensive assessment and sustained functional support.

No abstract

Cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, entails the irreversible cessation of cell division in response to intrinsic and extrinsic stressors. Though metabolically active, senescent cells lose their replicative capacity and resist apoptotic signals, accumulating tissues with advancing age and contributing to age-related pathologies. Senescence is characterized by the acquisition of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), releasing a myriad of bioactive molecules. SASP not only...

No abstract

Naturally aged mice provide an important platform for studying frailty because functional decline emerges during biological aging rather than through acute injury or artificial manipulation. This review critically examines major frailty assessment tools used in aged mice, including the mouse frailty index, mouse frailty phenotype, physical function score/vitality score, mouse social frailty index, and mouse cognitive frailty index. We compare their conceptual foundations, scoring procedures,...

Aged skeletal muscle is impaired at every phase of post-injury repair that has been examined, with myeloid recruitment delayed and skewed in composition, debris degradation lagging behind uptake, and muscle stem cell (MuSC) activation following a conserved trajectory at delayed kinetics. Deficits inside a phase may be differences of degree that a longer window absorbs, whereas the transition between phases offers no comparable slack. Each transition is triggered by a defined switch in signal,...

To enable widespread adoption of electric vehicles, positive-electrode materials must fulfill high energy, long-term stability, and earth-abundant composition within large-format architectures. Lithium-manganese-rich layered oxides show promise through high energy enabled by oxygen redox chemistry and abundant manganese content while minimizing cobalt content. However, oxygen redox irreversibility and gas evolution present challenges in its adoption to large-format cells. Here, we reveal how...

The structural integrity of layered VOPO(4) frameworks critically determines their electrochemical performance in aqueous zinc-ion batteries, yet the highly ordered stacking of VOPO(4) renders it susceptible to lattice stress accumulation and chemo-mechanical degradation during cycling, causing rapid capacity fading and a shortened battery lifespan. Herein, we show a strategy to alleviate these limitations through partial metal substitution in the VOPO(4) lattice, enabling the modulation of...

Navigating uneven terrain poses a significant challenge for older adults, often resulting in falls. Identifying the neural correlates of walking on uneven terrain might help understand the mechanisms of age-related mobility decline. We examined age and physical function group differences in white matter microstructure and tested whether associations between white matter measures and uneven-terrain walking behavior differed between these groups. Twenty-two young adults (22.45 ± 2.58 years) and 86...

Whether reversal of biological age and/or aging is possible is among the most actively debated topics in the field of aging. Here, we consider the meaning of biological age reversal and its burden of proof, focusing on foundational issues and the language we use to debate these questions.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder whose pathological course involves amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, tau abnormalities, neuroinflammation, and neurovascular dysfunction. Interest in the microbiota-gut-brain axis does not arise because gut dysbiosis has been established as an independent initiating cause of sporadic AD, but because this axis connects modifiable peripheral factors-including diet, medication, ageing, and intestinal physiology-with barrier homeostasis,...

Ageing research has undergone a paradigm shift from descriptive theories to a mechanistic understanding grounded in the interconnected biological processes. This work synthesizes the current landscape of ageing research, emphasizing the critical role of biomarkers in translating mechanistic insights into clinical application. Biomarkers, ranging from molecular and cellular markers to functional and imaging parameters, serve as essential tools for quantifying biological age, assessing the...

Sarcopenia has consensus criteria on three continents and an all-cause mortality hazard ratio near 1.6, yet no drug is approved for the primary age-related condition and agents that reliably enlarge muscle have not improved the strength and gait-speed endpoints that define it. We approach this translational failure from the biology rather than the pipeline. Ageing degrades four properties of skeletal muscle that jointly determine force production and are each druggable in principle: innervation,...

Although motor and cognitive functions are closely interconnected in daily life, they are typically assessed separately in fall assessments. This dual-center cross-sectional, observational study examined the discriminative performance of agility and motor-cognitive assessments to distinguish between community-dwelling older adults with and without a history of falls, compared with established motor and cognitive tests. A total of 231 participants (103 with a history of falls; age 71.9 ± 7.5...

Mitochondria are continuously exposed to damage that contributes to aging and disease. While prolongedly damaged mitochondria are eliminated by mitophagy, how cells respond to transient damage remains unclear. Here, we establish a cell-based system to induce transient mitochondrial stress and resolve its recovery dynamics. We identify the E3 ubiquitin ligase mahogunin ring finger 1 (MGRN1) as a damage-threshold sensor that discriminates between transient and prolonged mitochondrial insults....

Organ structure, including the organization of cells, vasculature and extracellular matrix, underpins its function, yet how structure changes with age remains mostly unknown. Here we developed PathStAR, a framework that quantifies tissue structural aging from routine histopathology images, without being trained to predict chronological age. Applying PathStAR to 25,306 post-mortem biopsies from 40 tissues in 970 donors aged 21-70 years revealed that organ structural aging progresses via distinct,...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) frequently complicates heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), worsening prognosis despite limited therapeutic options. Whether sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) improve PH beyond their established hemodynamic effects remains unclear. Seventy-four patients with ischemic HFrEF after acute myocardial infarction and a high echocardiographic probability of PH were prospectively enrolled in a single-center, non-randomized study. Patients...

No abstract