Aging & Longevity

Although semantic cognition remains behaviorally stable with age, neuroimaging studies report age-related alterations in response to semantic context. To address these inconsistent findings, we combined behavioral and magnetoencephalography (MEG) measures and examined the neural mechanisms underlying lexical-semantic processing in healthy aging. Forty-six Finnish-speaking adults across younger (22 - 32 years) and older (62 - 69 years) cohorts performed a semantic congruency judgment task on word...

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) remains a major cause of long-term sensory and motor dysfunction, imposing a substantial clinical and socioeconomic burden worldwide. Although peripheral nerves possess intrinsic regenerative capacity, functional recovery is often incomplete because of the complex interplay among axonal degeneration, Schwann cell plasticity, neuroimmune responses, extracellular matrix remodeling, metabolic reprogramming, remyelination, and target reinnervation. Recent advances in...

CONCLUSIONS: Patient decision aids were common in kidney failure treatment decision-making interventions, but incorporation of geriatric-relevant SDM features varied across decision points, and few interventions were evaluated exclusively among older adults. Future interventions should tailor geriatric-relevant SDM features to specific treatment decisions to best support older adults in making kidney failure treatment decisions.

Age-related sensory decline impairs responses to balance disturbances, increasing fall risk. Evaluating gait and balance under sensory challenges can help reveal how this decline affects instability in older adults. This study (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT06345625) incorporates head movements to evaluate the effect of sensory function - cervical sensorimotor control, vestibular function, and visual acuity - on walking stability in aging and its relationship with falls through a novel augmented-reality...

Aging is a critical risk factor for intervertebral disc degeneration, a major contributor to chronic low back pain. Loss-of-function studies showed that SIRT6, a nuclear NAD^(+)-dependent deacetylase, maintains disc health. We therefore investigated whether long-term SIRT6 activation via systemic delivery of the small-molecular agonist MDL-800 improves disc health in 24-month-old mice. Studies revealed healthy disc morphology, enhanced cell viability, and lower degeneration scores following...

Disruption describes the extent to which a scientific work overturns the prior knowledge on which it builds and leads to a new line of research. A scientist's tendency to produce disruptive work has been found recently to decline over the career. However, the disruption index captures only how strongly a paper overturns prior work and ignores whether that disruption is later accepted or overturned by subsequent research. The persistent disruption (PD) framework adds this second perspective,...

Maternal age is the primary risk factor for aneuploidy in mammalian oocytes, but the molecular mechanisms that preserve meiotic chromosome segregation fidelity during aging remain incompletely understood. Using ultrastructural analysis, we observe that spindle microtubules in aged mouse oocytes tend to exhibit increased misorientation and shorter interaction lengths, whereas microtubule number and density remain largely unchanged. We demonstrate that the levels of the key centromeric components...

Despite the central role of myelination in brain function and plasticity, its characterization remains fragmented, with existing studies typically constrained either spatially, by focusing on selected brain structures, or temporally, by covering only limited age ranges. Here, we provide a comprehensive brain-wide map of myelination across the lifespan, leveraging T1w/T2w ratios from 214 brain regions in individuals aged 0-100 years. This fine-grained spatiotemporal mapping reveals regional...

Maintaining health during global population aging represents a critical challenge, where mosaic loss of chromosome Y (LOY) in the hematopoietic system surfaces as a prevalent somatic mutation in aging men. However, its longitudinal impact on sensory organ degeneration remains insufficiently characterized. Analyzing 223,051 male participants from the UK Biobank, we demonstrated that LOY uniquely and independently predicted an increased risk of incident age-related macular degeneration (AMD)...

Time-to-event models are central to aging research, quantifying both whether and when an event occurs. However, guidance on selecting among traditional statistical and machine learning (ML) methods for prediction modeling remains limited, particularly for epidemiologic aging cohorts with wide assessment intervals. Mobility limitation, as a clinically important aging outcome with such complexities, provides a relevant test case for methodological benchmarking. We conducted a systematic benchmark...

CONCLUSION: This review mapped pain management strategies for older adults in palliative care, identified key evidence gaps, particularly among oldest-old individuals and those with non-cancer conditions, and highlighted the need for stronger research.

Finasteride is one of the core medications for treating androgen-associated diseases in men. It exhibits multiple therapeutic functions, including inhibiting 5α-reductase, reducing dihydrotestosterone levels, and improving conditions, including prostate enlargement and hair loss. Using Drosophila as the primary model and a mouse behavioral assay as a complementary approach, we combined developmental and behavioral assessments, morphological analyses of motor and sensory neurons, transcriptomics,...

Physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and sleep quality are known lifestyle factors modulating the rate of aging but less is known about their putative interactions. We investigated the cross-sectional independent and interactive associations of these lifestyle factors with various biological aging clocks in adults of large age range. Eight hundred and ninety adults recruited from the INSPIRE-t cohort, aged 20 to 102 years old with a measure of at least one biological clock among PhenoAge,...

CONCLUSIONS: Higher national income was associated with attenuation of the DOA-CVD relationship in levels models. The composite and component-specific analyses provide complementary perspectives on this pattern, with clearer evidence for diabetes and population ageing. These findings describe an income-dependent population-level association whose interpretation remains sensitive to temporal specification.

CONCLUSION: Long muscle length eccentric contractions induced greater force loss in young but not older adults, with no evidence of prolonged functional impairment in healthy, physically active older adults.

How cellular and microenvironmental changes are translated into tissue-level decline remains incompletely understood. Here, we view tissue maintenance through the lens of multicellular coordination, defined as the endogenous management of dependencies among component activities. These dependencies are embodied in a tissue's relational state across signalling networks, epigenetic states, cell composition, and extracellular matrix. The different turnover timescales of these substrates may permit...

CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that in late-blind individuals, visual deprivation confers selective advantages over sighted peers in temporal processing and working memory even in the presence of age-related hearing loss, whereas broader perceptual benefits and electrophysiological enhancements are limited. Viewed in the context of prior literature in normal-hearing populations, these results suggest that compensatory cross-modal plasticity may be partially constrained when accompanied by...

Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a modifiable determinant of brain health and has been associated with greater brain volume, improved cognition, and reduced dementia risk. However, whether CRF influences cerebral oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), a marker reflecting the balance between cerebral oxygen delivery and metabolic demand, remains poorly understood in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). We performed a secondary analysis of the Acute Exercise Response on Brain Imaging and Cognition...

INTRODUCTION: Decrements on hand dominance in older populations, including neurodegenerative conditions, have been reported cross-sectionally. At present, no longitudinal research on this issue is available.

Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1), a key enzyme in DNA metabolism, exhibits oncogenic properties in various cancers. However, its functional role and underlying mechanisms in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression and tumor immunity remain poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate that FEN1 is significantly upregulated in LUAD tissues and serves as an independent prognostic factor for poor survival. Genetic depletion of FEN1 suppressed LUAD cell proliferation by inducing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and cellular...