Aging & Longevity
Correction to "Metformin Reduces the Senescence of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells in Diabetic Nephropathy via the MBNL1/miR-130a-3p/STAT3 Pathway"
No abstract
Trajectories of Social Activity Engagement and Physical and Cognitive Function During the Last Years of Life
CONCLUSIONS: Community-based interventions to improve physical accessibility and dementia awareness may be important avenues for supporting social activity engagement among people in the last stage of life, particularly among older adults living independently in their communities.
Farnesoid X receptor deficiency accelerates aging and systemic functional decline in male mice
Aging is accompanied by progressive functional decline, and nuclear receptors have become significant modulators of the process. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a ligand activated nuclear receptor transcription factor that regulates genes involved in bile acid and metabolic homeostasis, has been implicated in aging, yet genetic evidence remains limited. In this study, we demonstrate that FXR knockout (FXR^(-/-)) mice have significantly shorter lifespan and healthspan than WT mice. FXR deficiency led...
Inflammaging-associated mitochondrial degeneration occurs in hypoglossal motor neurons prior to tongue muscle
Mitochondrial degeneration and dysfunctions are increasingly linked with neurodegenerative diseases, with the greatest risk factor being increased age. Mitochondrial dysfunction is also implicated in sarcopenia, the age-associated weakness and atrophy of striated muscle. Untangling the pathophysiological effects of age-related mitochondrial degeneration and dysfunction is of huge interest in gerontology. In elderly humans and Fischer 344 (F344) rats, motor neuron (MN) death and denervation...
Age-related neural inefficiency: fNIRS evidence of prefrontal hyperactivation during emotional response inhibition
Older adults often exhibit reduced inhibitory control accompanied by altered recruitment of prefrontal networks. Whether the emotional context changes these age-related neural patterns during response inhibition remains unclear. In this study, 31 older adults and 19 young adults completed four blocks of a Go/No-Go paradigm while bilateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity was recorded using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Blocks 1 and 2 comprised a neutral (non-emotional) Go/No-Go...
Lower-limb physical function is associated with executive function in frail older adults
Frailty reflects an accumulation of health deficits across multiple physiological systems. Better physical function is associated with higher executive function, but it remains unclear if frailty influences this relation. This study tested if the association between physical performance and executive function in older adults would be stronger among frailer persons. It also sought if cerebral oxygenation is associated with these factors. Sixty older adults (72 ± 6 years; n = 11 male) were divided...
Prevalence and determinants of ageism experiences in the Singapore population: insights from the HEalthy LOngevity (HELO) survey
Ageism refers to stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination based on age. Ageism negatively impacts physical and mental health across the lifespan, yet knowledge about the experience of ageism in Singapore is limited. This study evaluated the prevalence of experienced ageism in Singapore and identified its key determinants within a nationally representative cohort. In the cross-sectional HEalthy LOngevity (HELO) survey (N = 3034), ageism was measured using the newly launched World Health...
Task difficulty and limb dominance modulate the effects of ageing on neuromuscular function
Neuromuscular function is critical for independence in ageing, yet asymmetries between dominant and non-dominant limbs, arising from central or peripheral mechanisms, are not well understood. This study examined age- and limb-related differences and motor unit (MU) firing behaviour of the vastus lateralis under tasks of varying difficulty. Twenty-one young (22 ± 4 years; 15 M, 6F) and seventeen older adults (74 ± 5 years; 12 M, 5F) performed constant and variable force unilateral isometric knee...
Deciphering the molecular landscape of aortic aging: a meta-analysis of bulk RNA sequencing studies in mice
Global understanding of arterial aging remains limited despite its well-recognized medical and economic impact, hindering the development of effective mitigation strategies. The aorta, the major elastic artery, experiences a loss of homeostasis during aging that results from highly complex interactions. A promising approach to unravel the underlaying mechanisms is to investigate how aging affects the aortic transcriptome, leveraging the tremendous technological advances in RNA sequencing...
Effects of aerobic exercise and computer-based cognitive training on cognition, functional independence, quality of life, and salivary cortisol levels in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized trial
CONCLUSION: Combining aerobic exercise with cognitive training improves clinical outcomes in older adults with MCI and may influence stress-related neurobiological pathways. This multimodal approach represents a promising, non-pharmacological strategy for mitigating age-related cognitive decline.
The role of healthy lifestyle in the association between hepatic fibro-inflammation and steatosis and brain aging-a cross-sectional study
CONCLUSION: Liver fat accumulation and fibro-inflammation were associated with higher brain-PAD, with fibro-inflammation playing a key role. These associations may be attenuated in individuals with optimal lifestyle behaviors, suggesting a potentially modifiable target for intervention.
Social Determinants of Health and Incident Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults With Chronic Conditions: Prospective Cohort Study
CONCLUSION: Socioeconomic disadvantages, reflected in lower education, income, and employment, were associated with a higher incidence of depressive symptoms. Addressing these inequalities within integrated chronic disease and mental-health care may help prevent late-life depression.
ER-localized ceramide accumulation contributes to replicative senescence
Ceramides regulate diverse cellular processes through compartment-specific accumulation. While mitochondrial ceramide accumulation promotes apoptosis, its regulation and function during senescence remain incompletely understood. Here, we integrate lipidomics, transcriptomics, Raman spectroscopy, and biochemical characterizations to define sphingolipid remodeling in replicative senescence. Senescent cells exhibit elevated ceramide levels and depletion of very-long-chain sphingomyelins, despite...
A senescent tumor cell-derived nanovesicle directly primes splenic T cells to potentiate cancer radiotherapy
Radiotherapy (RT)-induced senescent tumor cells (STCs) reinforce an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM) and compromise therapeutic outcomes. However, current senolytic strategies lack specificity for STCs and often cause off-target toxicity. Here, we observe that STCs possess enhanced antigen-presenting capacity in patient-derived tumor tissues and murine tumor models. Leveraging this phenomenon, we engineer STC-derived nanovesicles (termed nano-APM) for preserving endogenous antigens...
Homoharringtonine exhibits senotherapeutic activity that mitigates diet- and age-associated obesity and insulin resistance and extends lifespan in mice
The accumulation of senescent cells in white adipose tissue (WAT) is closely associated with the functional decline of WAT and plays a causal role in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases. Therefore, the elimination of senescent cells in WAT holds promise for the treatment and prevention of age-related metabolic diseases. Using a drug-repositioning strategy for 2150 clinically applied compounds, we discover that homoharringtonine (HHT), an FDA-approved anti-leukemic drug, manifests...
Multiomic single-cell perturbation screens reveal critical lncRNA regulators of senescence
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate transcriptional and epigenetic programs during aging and senescence. However, no comprehensive studies have systematically integrated multilayered analyses to reveal their diverse regulatory roles. Moreover, lncRNAs with therapeutic potential in age-related diseases remain unexplored. Here we systematically perturbed 32 high-abundance aging- and senescence-associated lncRNAs (PtbAlncs) using a Perturb-seq-based CRISPR-dCas9-KRAB knockdown system coupled...
Subcellular orchestration of microglial aging
No abstract
Cellular and spatial remodeling of aging breast tissue revealed
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The healthy human global project - Hong Kong: A community-based cross-sectional study of a healthy Asian population
Immune responses vary between individuals due to age, sex, genetics, and environment, yet most systems immunology studies focus on populations of European ancestry. To address this gap, we established the Healthy Human Global Project - Hong Kong (HHGP-HK) to characterize immune variability in a healthy Asian population. Modeled on the French Milieu Intérieur study, we adapted inclusion and exclusion criteria and collected harmonized demographic, medical, and lifestyle data for cross-cohort...
A convergent uPAR-positive tumor ecosystem creates broad vulnerability to CAR T cell therapy
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have transformed hematologic cancer therapy but remain limited in solid tumors by antigen heterogeneity and a suppressive, pro-fibrotic microenvironment. We previously identified the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) as upregulated in senescent, pro-fibrotic cells and showed that uPAR-directed CAR T cells could safely reverse fibrosis in mice. Integrative analyses now reveal that uPAR is broadly expressed in solid tumors enriched for TP53 and...
Aging and Longevity: Latest results from PubMed
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