Aging & Longevity

Southern European countries have some of the highest life expectancies in the world, yet they display relatively high frailty. We examined different diets to identify compositions that promote both healthspan and strength in mice. The western and ketogenic diets increased fat mass and frailty and increased either cholesterol or insulin resistance, whereas a low-protein longevity diet, modeling the traditional Mediterranean and Okinawan diets but supplemented with methionine (LDMM), reduced fat...

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a crucial energy sensor that regulates a wide range of important processes in skeletal muscle. AMPK is present in several subcellular compartments (including the cytosol, nucleus, and mitochondria). However, the influence of physiologically relevant interventions on AMPK's localization in skeletal muscle is not well understood, especially during older age. Accordingly, this study examined AMPK signaling in skeletal muscle from aged male rats...

The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) serves as a central metabolic hub that integrates nutrient signals and orchestrates cellular metabolism to regulate many fundamental cell processes. While mTORC1 activation is known to occur both on lysosomal membranes and at the Golgi apparatus in response to environmental cues, the molecular mechanisms governing its Golgi-associated activation remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified YIF1A as a novel Golgi-localized regulator...

Exploiting cost-effective trifunctional electrocatalysts toward oxygen evolution reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reaction is important for sustainable energy conversion and storage devices yet challenging. Here, we report a single-phase trifunctional electrocatalyst Sr(2)CoRuO(6-δ) with well-defined super-exchange double perovskite structure, which can efficiently catalyze oxygen evolution, hydrogen evolution and oxygen reduction under alkaline conditions. As an air...

No abstract

No abstract

The long-term impact of atrial fibrillation (AF) and systemic inflammation on muscle health and, hence, functional decline remains unclear. This study investigates the link between AF and longitudinal trajectories of muscle mass and strength, considering the role played by systemic inflammation. Data were obtained from 2048 participants (≥ 60 years) in the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K), followed for 12 years. Muscle mass and strength were assessed using calf...

Future deep-space missions will expose astronauts to microgravity and ionizing radiation, which induce molecular changes that mirror biological aging, including inflammation, cellular senescence, and fibrotic remodeling. However, the regulatory mechanisms linking spaceflight stressors to aging-associated molecular responses in metabolically important organs such as the liver remain incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of simulated microgravity and deep-space...

Aging is accompanied by metabolic alterations that may precede or parallel functional decline. While chronological age correlates with numerous circulating metabolites, the extent to which these associations reflect age-independent functional deterioration remains unclear. To identify plasma metabolites associated with muscle quality (assessed by bioelectrical impedance phase angle at 50 kHz) and pulmonary function (forced vital capacity, FVC) independently of chronological age, and to...

With the aging of the population, frailty has become a common syndrome that severely affects the quality of life of older adults. This study aims to analyze the correlation between cognition and frailty, physical activity and frailty, and elucidate the potential pharmacological targets of cognitive frailty and physical frailty.We conducted logistic regression analyses using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to examine the associations between total cognition...

Epigenetic mechanisms are considered adaptive regulators of gene expression, yet mechanisms driving aging-associated DNA methylation remain unclear. Prior work hinted that epigenetic aging might reflect a response to oxygen availability, with age‑differential methylation in immune cells enriched near binding sites for hypoxia‑responsive factors ARNT and REST. To test this hypothesis, we exposed adult (11 months) and old (23 months) mice to 1 month of intermittent hypoxia (IH) followed by...

CONCLUSIONS: This scoping review charts the models of publicly funded home care across six high-income countries and identifies gaps in the evidence. The findings underscore the need for consistent and comparative evaluation of home care models as population ageing and policy attention to integrated people-centred care intensifies.

Adaptations in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) metabolism may contribute to cardiometabolic health improvements in response to exercise training, especially during aging. Here we investigated the potential effects of long- and short-term exercise on adipogenesis and lipid metabolism in adipose tissue of older women (age 61-80 years). The effects of long-term (> 5 years) physical activity and short-term (4 months) exercise training were evaluated, with a focus on adipocyte size, adipogenic...

CONCLUSIONS: In this matched longitudinal analysis of US adults aged 65 years or older, reported hip fracture marked a more adverse trajectory of cognitive aging. Cognitive vulnerability was evident before the fracture-report index, cognition was lower by the index interview, and additional post-index divergence was most apparent for global cognition and mental status.

Oxidative stress drives tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling by inducing metabolic reprogramming and cellular senescence. Glutamine, a key substrate supporting oxidative stress defense, has been implicated in TME remodeling and metastasis, yet its specific role in initiating tumor invasion remains unclear. Here, oxidative stress induced the generation of senescent macrophages in the TME, and clinical samples showed that their accumulation positively correlates with malignancy. We established...

Arterial aging is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is associated with progressive changes in vascular structure and function, including arterial stiffening, reduced elasticity, extracellular matrix remodeling, chronic low-grade inflammation, and accumulation of senescence-associated cell states. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have provided new opportunities to resolve the cellular heterogeneity underlying these age-related alterations in the arterial...

Aging induces immunosenescence, a progressive decline in immune function underpinning age-related pathogen vulnerability, yet T/B cell receptor (TCR/BCR) repertoire remodeling during aging remains incompletely characterized, especially in non-European populations. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 may perturb immune homeostasis and accelerate aging, but its impact on immune repertoire aging is unclear. Here, we analyzed leukocyte DNA from 195 healthy Chinese individuals (25-93 years) and 94 post-COVID-19...

Age-related hearing loss and balance decline are prevalent features of organismal aging, yet how the cochlea and vestibular organs converge on shared cellular liabilities remains insufficiently resolved. In particular, whether mitochondrial ultrastructural injury and mitochondrial quality-control programs co-vary with synaptic vulnerability and sensory functional decline across these systems within an age-resolved framework has not been clearly delineated. Here, we compared cochlear and...

Cardiomyocyte senescence drives cardiovascular disease, underscoring the need to define its molecular mechanisms. The role of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) ion channel in this process remains unclear, particularly regarding its expression and function. Atrial tissues were collected from patients with sinus rhythm or atrial fibrillation (AF) of varying durations. CFTR was downregulated in AF patients and negatively correlated with p16, p21, and p53. Myocardial aging...

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is primarily driven by a Western-style diet and exacerbated with aging, yet underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Given the essential role of thyroid hormone (TH) in MASLD progression, we hypothesized that impaired intrahepatic TH action during aging promotes MASLD progression and severity of MASH with fibrosis. We evaluated hepatic TH metabolism in young (18-24 weeks) and old (108-120 weeks) C57BL/6J mice fed either a normal chow...