Aging & Longevity

Inflammaging, a state of chronic low-grade inflammation, is a key contributor to biological aging and diabetes. Traditional inflammatory indices within the interplay between inflammation and epigenetic aging have remains insufficiently explored. In addition, novel platelet-based inflammatory indices based on platelets may perform better than traditional inflammatory indices. This study was a cross-sectional study with survival analysis and analyzed data from 2494 participants in the National...

Neuronal senescence, triggered by oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, is a significant risk factor for brain aging, ultimately leading to cognitive decline. Apelin-13, an exercise-induced myokine, exhibits potential neuroprotective effects by the APJ system, but its protective effects against neuronal senescence and the underlying mechanisms are unknown. This study aimed to elucidate how apelin-13 prevents D-galactose-induced neuronal senescence in SH-SY5Ys, human induced pluripotent...

Moderately cold temperatures extend lifespan and promote health across species^(1-3), yet the molecular mechanisms underlying these benefits remain unclear. Here we define a metabolite-driven, multi-tissue signalling system that links cold temperature to enhanced longevity and proteostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Cold temperature upregulates the biopterin-synthesis enzyme CAT-4 (GCH1 in humans), increasing production of dihydrobiopterin (BH2), a transportable reservoir for the bioactive...

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CONCLUSION: While dietary diversity improved similarly in both arms, the intervention-specific improvement in LLMS - a parameter associated with functional capacity - suggests the ALAPAGE program has potential as a preventive public health approach for contributing to healthy aging in community-dwelling older adults.

CONCLUSIONS: Older people with Parkinson's described contending with the progressive nature of Parkinson's and the erosion of independence, while informal caregivers reported the physical, emotional and financial burden of caregiving. Care work was becoming more difficult, yet families in this study demonstrated adaptability, resilience and enduring obligation to enact and reciprocate care. This study emphasises the need to strengthen, support and sustain community-based approaches to care for...

CONCLUSION: A substantial proportion of stroke survivors did not achieve the targets recommended by the ESO for secondary prevention. In the older people population, fewer patients reached optimal blood pressure control, and anticoagulant use among those with atrial fibrillation was suboptimal. Our findings highlight the need for structured post-stroke follow-up pathways, improved communication between stroke specialists and primary care physicians, and targeted interventions to optimize...

CONCLUSION: This cross-sectional study found a significant association between proximity to major roadways and prevalent diabetes in Chinese older adults. Roadway proximity acts as a composite surrogate marker of traffic hazards, neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and built environments, rather than merely traffic pollution or noise. These findings guide future environmental and health equity research on seniors. Longitudinal studies with objective exposure measurements are required to...

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD^(+)) is an essential metabolite that regulates diverse cellular metabolic processes. Primary cilia, hair-like organelles on the cell surface, function as critical signaling hubs. Here, we demonstrate that cellular NAD^(+) levels are key regulators of both primary cilia growth and lysosomal function in hypothalamic neurons. NAD^(+) depletion induces ciliary shortening and diminishes lysosomal activity in a cilia-dependent manner. Mechanistically, the...

Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is an age-associated valvular disorder in which calcification expands from discrete foci into adjacent tissue. We investigated whether mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs) released by human valvular interstitial cells (hVICs) exert pro-calcific effects on recipient cells and how MDV release is regulated. Using ex vivo hemodynamic perfusion of human CAVD tissue, multi-omics profiling, live-cell single-organelle tracking, MDV transfer assays, and in vivo Gas6...

Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are highly vulnerable to respiratory virus infections, but the cellular mechanisms linking fibrotic remodeling to impaired local antiviral defense remain unclear. Here, we investigated how cellular senescence shapes the response of patient-derived healthy (HLF) and IPF primary lung fibroblasts to influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Transcriptomic profiling identified infection as the driver of gene expression in both DNA damage-induced senescent...

INTRODUCTION: Easy-to-Read (E2R) formatting is widely recommended to improve reading accessibility, yet whether its typographic and structural features benefit visual processing and comprehension across the adult lifespan remains unclear.

CONCLUSION: Social engagement appears to be a critical pathway to health, even if sedentary. Nonetheless, natural spaces are chosen environments for a range of OOH activities. We recommend neighbourhoods be designed with multifunctional natural spaces to encourage mobility during OOH trips, supporting ageing-in-place.

Genome aging refers to age-related acquisition and expansion of de novo mutations in somatic cells, and is now increasingly viewed as a central driver of organismal aging. Loss of X chromosome (LOX), the state in which one X chromosome (ChrX) is missing, represents the most common genetically inferred type of acquired mutation in women. Recent technological advancements, along with the growing availability of large-scale cohorts for association studies, have provided powerful new insights into...

CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores the public health need for addressing caregiver burden and mental health among understudied older caregivers. Although financial assistance, psychosocial services, and respite care have reduced caregiver burden in other settings, context-specific services and policies in Lebanon warrant evaluation. Future research should account for care recipients' characteristics and the multidimensional nature of social and financial resources.

CONCLUSIONS: Frailty assessed using the mFI-11 was not independently associated with IOH occurrence in older adults undergoing hip fracture surgery. However, frail patients tended to experience a longer cumulative duration of IOH once it developed, suggesting a possible link between frailty and the persistence rather than the occurrence of intraoperative hemodynamic instability. These findings highlight the importance of vigilant intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring and individualized...

CONCLUSIONS: Culturally specific early-life adversity patterns, particularly household dysfunction and pervasive adversity, predict adverse successful aging trajectories. These childhood patterns are associated with a more rigid late-life mind-body network characterized by tight pathological coupling between cognition and physical illness. Importantly, broader structural inequalities across the life course, particularly low educational attainment and rural residence, operate alongside early-life...

CONCLUSIONS: Interventions with similar short-term clinical outcomes may differ substantially in their economic and population health value. Within the short-term trial horizon, lifestyle-based strategies were associated with more favorable cost-utility profiles. These findings should be interpreted as exploratory and should not be extrapolated to long-term comparative effectiveness, particularly given the established long-term cardiovascular and renal benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors that could not...

CONCLUSIONS: Comorbidities were consistently associated with poorer survival outcomes among older adults with cancer. International and Japanese studies appeared to emphasize different mechanisms linking comorbidities to prognosis; however, these differences should be interpreted cautiously owing to heterogeneity in study design, outcome definitions, and data sources. Further large-scale studies incorporating standardized comorbidity assessment are needed to clarify the mechanisms through which...