Aging & Longevity

Peucedanum japonicum Thunb. (PJ), also known as costal hog fennel, is an edible medicinal plant recognized for its potential health benefits. We previously demonstrated the protective effects of PJ against muscle atrophy in young mice. In the present study, we investigated whether PJ also inhibits age-related muscle loss in aged mice. PJ treatment of primary myoblasts derived from aged mice attenuated myotube diameter reduction, suppressed the expression of atrogenes, and prevented the...

Sex differences in aging are robust and ubiquitous. Demographic differences in aging generated by sex have long been recognized, but the underlying biological basis for these differences and the potential for sex-specific interventions remain understudied. To explore sex differences in the response to pro-longevity interventions, we utilized the C. elegans aging model and asked whether male lifespan and reproductive healthspan can be extended via compounds known to have pro-longevity effects in...

Dietary interventions such as caloric restriction and periodic fasting improve metabolic health and extend lifespan in preclinical models, yet individuals differ widely in their physiological responses-variation that remains poorly understood but is critical for safe and effective translation to humans. We applied a two days per week intermittent fasting (IF) regimen to 10 inbred strains from the Collaborative Cross (CC), a genetically diverse, reproducible panel ideal for dissecting genetic...

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that PM2.5 exposure was associated with increased AD risk, primarily through direct rather than comorbidity-mediated pathways. Stroke may modestly increase susceptibility. These findings highlight the need for air quality interventions as part of dementia prevention strategies in aging populations, especially those facing overlapping environmental and clinical vulnerabilities.

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CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the present study findings demonstrate that excessive sleep duration (over 10 h) is an independent predictor of increased risk of dementia among older Chinese adults. Conversely, maintaining a moderate sleep duration of 6 to 8 h appears to be a protective factor, correlating with a lower incidence of the condition.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) stands as a leading cause of blindness in the elderly, yet the fundamental aging processes that underpin its pathogenesis remain incompletely defined. The dysfunction of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is a central event in AMD, a process that shares key hallmarks with broader cellular aging, particularly the progressive decline in mitochondrial function. In this study, we investigated how a common environmental stressor-blue light-triggers a key...

ObjectivesTo examine the mediating role of activities of daily living (ADL) in the association between stroke and depressive symptoms, and to investigate whether moderate physical activity (MPA) moderates this mediation in older adults, using sex-stratified analyses.MethodsCross-sectional data from 31,137 participants (≥65 years) were analysed using wave eight of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Depression, ADL limitations, stroke history and weekly frequency of MPA were...

Pregnancy and aging are associated with stress on the body and show multi-system physiological changes. We asked whether we can learn about aging from the changes in pregnancy. To do so, we analyzed weekly cross-sectional data on 70 lab tests from 300,000 pregnancies and 1.4 million non-pregnant females aged 20-89. Using a biological age model trained on non-pregnant females, we observed that pregnant females' apparent age dropped by 5 years in the first trimester, rose by 20 years toward...

Reducing CO(2) emissions throughout a product's life cycle, mainly encompassing four stages of raw materials extraction, processing, service, and end of life, is essential for carbon neutrality. Passive daytime radiative cooling coatings offer CO(2) reduction benefits, but primarily only during service stage. Life cycle assessment demonstrates maximized full life-cycle CO(2) reduction requires innovations in both raw materials extraction and service periods. Here, we develop a full life‑cycle...

CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that active engagement in social activities, encompassing community, cognitive, home-based creative, and physical activities, is associated with slower EAA, marked by several clocks in older adults, providing evidence for the benefit of social activities for health and offering valuable insights for promoting "Active Aging" initiatives.

CONCLUSION: The global number of people living with dementia nearly tripled from 1990 to 2021, mainly due to increases in population ageing and growth. The findings emphasize the need for comprehensive strategies to address ADOD, including prevention, early diagnosis, and effective management, with a focus on gender and regional disparities.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1613566.].

CONCLUSION: The global ADOD burden is escalating with pronounced dynamic heterogeneity in growth velocity and distinct spatial patterns. Our multi-model projections warn of a mounting crisis, disproportionately impacting women, the oldest-old, and rapidly aging middle-income regions. Public health strategies must evolve from static assessments to dynamic surveillance and geographically tailored interventions, with urgent investment in prevention and care systems in high-growth clusters.

Long-term care is today one of the most pressing issues in public policy. Its relevance is increasing everywhere but mostly, due to population aging, in low- and middle-income countries. Despite the advances in the past decades regarding the implementation of long-term care systems in several countries, the COVID-19 pandemic showed their fragility and called to rethink long-term care around the world. Issues like quality, workforce shortages, and financial sustainability are key in countries...

CONCLUSION: We statistically harmonized survey data measuring frequency of participation in cognitive activities across four studies of aging and subsequently validated the harmonized latent trait by linking it to ADRD outcomes. Findings demonstrate the utility of combining self-reported psychosocial survey data collected across multiple studies to thoroughly evaluate the impact of modifiable risk factors on later-life cognitive outcomes in heterogeneous populations.

Aging is the primary cause of cognitive decline. Despite extensive study, the molecular mechanisms driving aging-associated cognitive decline remain unclear. Here, we describe a proteostasis-independent function of SEC61A1 and its involvement in aging-associated cognitive decline. SEC61A1 regulates ER-mitochondria contact sites, affecting mitochondrial DNA and RNA synthesis and subsequently leading to changes in innate immune signaling mediated by mitochondrial double-stranded RNA (mt-dsRNA)....

Sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7) are NAD⁺-dependent regulators of mitochondrial metabolism, chromatin remodeling, and stress resilience pathways-processes that are central to both aging biology and breast cancer (BC) heterogeneity. We systematically evaluated their prognostic and transcriptional patterns across molecular subtypes of BC. We constructed an integrated BC dataset comprising gene expression and survival data containing tumors from 55 datasets. Prognostic associations with recurrence-free...

Aging is a complex process characterized by the accumulation of molecular damage that leads to cellular dysfunction and tissue deterioration. Among the various types of contributing molecular damage, aberrant protein crosslinks are recognized as a key contributor to age-related pathologies. Crosslinks occurring at lysine and arginine residues, such as advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and carbamylation, have attracted considerable attention of the aging research community. In contrast, the...

In the context of cognitive neuroscience research on aging, older women are often overrepresented in observational research, whereas men are overrepresented in clinical trials. Factors underlying the selection bias between and across genders in research on aging are currently poorly understood. Addressing this knowledge gap is critical to provide guidance on how we might mitigate selection bias and improve the generalizability, robustness, and reproducibility of our findings. We aimed to...