Aging & Longevity

Ocular measures are increasingly used as non-invasive proxies of cognitive processes such as attention and listening effort. However, their interpretation in aging populations is complicated by concurrent changes in ocular physiology and oculomotor control, raising a critical question: to what extent do age-related differences in these measures reflect cognitive rather than other physiological factors? Here, we dissociate these contributions by characterizing ocular dynamics (resting and...

CONCLUSION: Higher baseline RCII is consistently associated with both greater baseline frailty and is also associated with steeper frailty trajectories in older adults. These findings suggest that RCII may serve as a valuable biomarker to identify older adults at high risk for functional decline.

INTRODUCTION: Population aging poses significant societal and health challenges, with loneliness and social isolation (L/SI) recognized as pressing public health concerns. While social isolation refers to an objective lack of social contacts, loneliness reflects the subjective perception that one's social needs are not being met. Although L/SI have been associated with an increased risk of dementia and global cognitive decline, their relationship with language functioning remains largely...

Aging is a complex biological process. The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) signaling pathway has gained increasing attention for its potential role in regulating aging, acting as a key bridge connecting neuroendocrine stress mechanisms with both central and peripheral aging processes. As a core neuropeptide of the stress response, CRF primarily mediates downstream effects through its type 1 receptor (CRFR1), while its type 2 receptor (CRFR2) may play a modulatory, often opposing, role....

CONCLUSIONS: The flexible Choose Home model successfully fills a gap in the home and community-based care continuum by providing time-limited, high-intensity case management to rapidly stabilize multicomplex older Veterans. This sustainable, provider-led interprofessional approach offers a scalable strategy to support aging in place and reduce costly institutional care.

One of the defining phenotypes of a senescent cell is the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which can propagate senescence in neighboring cells both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, this paracrine spreading of senescence can act in a cell non-autonomous manner, influencing neighboring cell populations and contributing to immune cell recruitment. As cellular senescence has recently been linked to both age-related neurodegenerative phenotypes and local inflammation and is more...

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Understanding how brain connectivity reorganizes with age is essential for characterizing healthy aging. While static functional connectivity (sFC) has revealed broad age-related shifts in network segregation and integration, recent work underscores the need to examine how these patterns dynamically fluctuate over time to better understand cognitive decline and resilience in aging. The present resting-state fMRI study was conducted to enhance comprehension of the temporal variability and...

Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) is a rare premature aging disorder caused by de novo LMNA mutations. Patients develop severe systemic symptoms limiting life quality and ultimately causing death from cardiovascular events. Despite extensive research, treatment options remain limited. Here, we investigated the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the development of vascular pathology in HGPS. We analyzed an available single-cell RNA sequencing dataset from aortic arch cells of...

CONCLUSION: While the vast majority of the homebound population is frail or pre-frail, a considerable portion are not frail. Efforts to manage high-need, high-cost populations such as homebound older adults must account for the heterogeneity of the population with efforts to better understand the non-frail subpopulation and target interventions tailored to their needs with the goal of potentially reversing their homebound status.

Ovarian aging leads to infertility, endocrine dysregulation and increased chronic disease risk, yet there are currently no approved therapies to delay ovarian aging. Physical activity (PA) is a crucial lifestyle factor for human health and antiaging, but its effects and mechanisms on ovarian aging remain unclear. Here we show, through a cross-sectional analysis of 152,435 participants in the UK Biobank, that lower PA levels were observed among postmenopausal persons when compared to...

Aging is the primary risk factor for chronic disease and is characterized by profound structural and architectural remodeling of human tissues. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of these changes using 25,712 whole-slide histopathological images from 40 tissue types across 983 individuals in the Genotype-Tissue Expression cohort. By leveraging deep learning, we quantified nuanced morphological alterations to develop 'tissue clocks', predictors of biological age that reflect tissue...

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a highly lethal and disabling form of stroke, in which hematoma expansion (HE) is a major and potentially modifiable determinant of early neurological deterioration and poor functional outcome. Computed tomography (CT) remains the first-line imaging modality for acute ICH and provides essential information for early HE risk stratification. However, current evidence is dispersed across conventional CT signs, composite scores, radiomics, machine...

CONCLUSIONS: Exercise improves balance, but modality choice should consider balance domain. Current estimates were most favourable for perturbation training in overall and static balance under supervision, sensory training at home, Tai Chi in global balance, Pilates in dynamic balance, and agility stepping or aquatic exercise in proactive balance. These estimates do not establish superiority. Dose should reflect task-specific challenge, safety and feasibility, because METs capture metabolic cost...

CONCLUSION: Moderate levels of green and blue spaces were associated with lower levels of biological aging. Nonlinear associations were stronger in socially vulnerable groups, suggesting that equitable nature-based planning could be a strategic public health intervention to promote healthy aging.

The choroid plexus (ChP) regulates cerebrospinal fluid homeostasis and immune surveillance, but its cellular organization and response to Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain incompletely defined. Here, we integrate single-nucleus RNA sequencing with spatial transcriptomics to generate a high-resolution atlas of the adult human ChP. We identify all major epithelial, stromal, and immune populations and resolve heterogeneity within macrophages, including a distinct subset expressing the giant protein...

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as hole transporting materials have achieved impressive efficiencies. However, the vulnerability of SAMs causes desorption under light and thermal stress. While various modifications to the conjugated core and anchoring group of SAMs have been explored, challenges in balancing efficiency and stability remain. Here, we introduce a new class of cross-linkable SAMs, uniquely functionalized at the molecular linker. Upon in situ...

Aging-related metabolic decline, particularly impaired glucose tolerance, represents a growing challenge in aging populations. Probiotics are promising modulators of host metabolism; however, how sex differences influence their efficacy in mitigating metabolic aging remains poorly understood. Here, we administered Lactiplantibacillus plantarum AS21 to naturally aged male and female mice for 6 months. We observed a pronounced sexual dimorphism in metabolic decline, with aged males exhibiting more...

CONCLUSIONS: Storey configuration and number of transition points constitute structural conditions that shape outdoor access in RCFs. These findings have implications for age-friendly design and planning of RCFs as well as for person-centred care and rehabilitation.

Endolysosomal membranes are frequently damaged by pathogenic stress associated with aging, infection, and neurodegeneration, and failure to repair such damage leads to inflammation and cell death. Recent advances identify membrane ATG8 conjugation (atg8ylation) as a key process that links damage detection to coordinated lysosomal repair, removal, and regeneration. Beyond its canonical role in macroautophagy, membrane atg8ylation also occurs on preexisting, non-autophagosomal single membranes...