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Shrinking staff and other handicaps threaten enforcement of federal law that protects research animals

Chinook in the Yukon River appear to be particularly vulnerable to a common parasite—and warming waters may be abetting the infection

Understanding and treating inflammation has proven a formidable challenge. The initiator and central motor of inflammation, the protein NLRP3, is an innate immune sentinel and nonspecific sensor of cellular perturbation. A wide array of inflammatory triggers prompts the formation of an NLRP3 'inflammasome' complex, leading to inflammatory interleukin-1 family cytokine release and pyroptotic cell death. Since gain-of-function mutations in NLRP3 were demonstrated to cause a rare autoinflammatory...

Lactate, a byproduct of glycolysis, was first identified to induce a novel post-translational modification (PTM) known as lysine lactylation (Kla) in 2019. Kla has been shown to regulate various biological processes, including transcription, metabolism, cell proliferation, and inflammatory responses, which are pivotal in both tumorigenesis and cellular aging. Initially, Kla was identified as an epigenetic marker on histones, where it regulates gene transcription. However, more recent studies...

CONCLUSIONS: A 6-month program of progressive resistance exercise combined with nutritional support improved muscle mass and strength in postmenopausal women with osteosarcopenia. Although the HE group showed less improvement at earlier time points, their muscle strength and physical performance were comparable to those of the RE group by the end of the intervention.

The relationship between epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) and midlife cognitive function remains unclear, with limited causal evidence. We investigated this association in 1252 Black and White middle-aged adults from the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS) and conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using GWAS summary statistics for EAA (N = 34,710) and cognition (N ≤ 106,162). In BHS, higher Hannum age acceleration, PhenoAge acceleration, and GrimAge acceleration (GrimAA) were each...

Cartilaginous fishes (e.g., sharks, rays, and skates) cannot see blue or violet light, potentially because they lack the shortwave-sensitive cone opsin gene (sws). Widespread gene loss can occur during evolution, but the evolutionary mechanisms underlying sws loss remains unclear. Here, we construct whole-genome assemblies of Okamejei kenojei (skate) and Prionace glauca (blue shark). We then analyze the distribution characteristics and intragroup differences of opsin-related genes in...