Aging & Longevity

The immune system plays a crucial role in the ageing process. As individuals age, significant alterations in the immune system experiences occur, marked by a decline in immune cell count, compromised immune function, and decreased immune regulation across various immune organs. These changes collectively weaken the capacity to combat diseases and infections, highlighting the vulnerability that accompanies ageing. Exercise is a potent intervention that profoundly influences holistic well-being...

Myosin storage myopathy (MSM) is a rare skeletal muscle disorder caused by mutations in the slow muscle/β-cardiac myosin heavy chain (MHC) gene. MSM missense mutations frequently disrupt the tail's stabilizing heptad repeat motif. Disease hallmarks include subsarcolemmal hyaline-like β-MHC aggregates, muscle weakness and, occasionally, cardiomyopathy. We generated transgenic, heterozygous Drosophila to examine the dominant physiological and structural effects of the L1793P, R1845W, and E1883K...

Harnessing the immunogenic potential of senescent tumor cells provides an opportunity to remodel tumor microenvironment (TME) and boost antitumor immunity. However, this potential needs to be sophisticatedly wielded to avoid additional immunosuppressive capacity of senescent cells. Our study shows that blocking the JAK2/STAT3 pathway enhances immunogenic efficacy of Aurora kinase inhibitor alisertib (Ali)-induced senescence by reducing immunosuppressive senescence-associated secretory phenotype...

Signs of ageing become apparent only late in life, after organismal development is finalized. Ageing, most notably, decreases an individual's fitness. As such, it is most commonly perceived as a non-adaptive force of evolution and considered a by-product of natural selection. Building upon the evolutionarily conserved age-related Smurf phenotype, we propose a simple mathematical life-history trait model in which an organism is characterized by two core abilities: reproduction and homeostasis....

Calcineurin is a highly conserved calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase with diverse functions. Inhibition of calcineurin is known to enhance the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans through multiple signaling pathways. Aiming to study the role of calcineurin in regulating innate immunity, we discover that calcineurin is required for the rhythmic defecation motor program (DMP) in C. elegans. Calcineurin inhibition leads to defects in the DMP, resulting in intestinal...

Aging is associated with a number of physiologic changes including perturbed circadian rhythms; however, mechanisms by which rhythms are altered remain unknown. To test the idea that circulating factors mediate age-dependent changes in peripheral rhythms, we compared the ability of human serum from young and old individuals to synchronize circadian rhythms in culture. We collected blood from apparently healthy young (age 25-30) and old (age 70-76) individuals at 14:00 and used the serum to...

Aging is associated with declines in cognition and brain structural integrity. However, there is equivocality over (1) the specificity of affected domains in different people, (2) the location of associated patterns of brain structural deterioration, and (3) the sociodemographic factors contributing to 'unhealthy' cognition. We aimed to identify cognitive profiles displayed by older adults and determine brain and sociodemographic features potentially shaping these profiles. A sample of...

The hypothalamus plays an important role in aging, but it remains unclear regarding the underlying epigenetics and whether this hypothalamic basis can help address aging-related diseases. Here, by comparing mouse hypothalamus with two other limbic system components, we show that the hypothalamus is characterized by distinctively high-level DNA methylation during young age and by the distinct dynamics of DNA methylation and demethylation when approaching middle age. On the other hand, age-related...

No abstract

No abstract

CONCLUSIONS: GD accelerates the occurrence of age-related phenotypes including TL, senile cataracts, age-related hearing impairment, COPD, and sarcopenia. In contrast, there are no causal linkages between GD and facial aging, age-related macular degeneration, or Alzheimer's disease. Further experimental studies could be conducted to elucidate the mechanisms by which GD facilitates aging, which could help slow down the progress of aging.

CONCLUSIONS: End-of-life care preferences among older adults in South Tyrol were associated with socio-demographic, yet not health- and lifestyle-related factors. Recognizing and integrating these preferences is essential for developing, implementing, and evaluating interventions to promote advance care planning and provide effective, patient-centered end-of-life care.

CONCLUSION: The WE-RISE™ multi-domain intervention has demonstrated potential in reversing CF among older persons of lower SES, leading to significant improvements across multiple health dimensions at a low cost. WE-RISE™ shows promise to enrich the well-being of ageing societies, contribute to societal health, and ensure equitable access to healthcare, supporting broader implementation by enhancing equitable access to health programs and addressing the needs of older persons, WE-RISE™.

CONCLUSIONS: These Thai older adults showed that they had the ability to make lifestyle changes with the support of the PDSA cycle, but not all maintained their planned activities after six months. The question is how healthcare professionals and the surroundings, may further support and motivate these people to maintain these changes based on their own preferences in a sustainable way.

CONCLUSIONS: Gaps remain regarding geriatric inclusion in pharmacy curricula despite decades of evidence, advocacy, and frameworks to guide its development. A wide diversity of teaching methods has been described and their combination may be considered for skills and competency development. There is a need for the scholarship of teaching and learning to be applied to pharmacy programs in order to prepare future pharmacists for an aging society.

Morphological mouse phenotyping plays a pivotal role in the translational setting and even more in the area of auditory research, where mouse is a central model organism due to the evolutionary genetic relationship and morpho-functional analogies with the human auditory system. However, some results obtained in murine models cannot be translated to humans due to the inadequate description of experimental conditions underlying poor reproducibility. We approach the characterization of the aging...

Moringa oleifera, which is known as a drumstick tree in different areas of the world, is well-known for many health benefits, which are attributed to the abundance of flavonoids, phenolic chemicals, and thiocyanates it contains. This review focuses on M. oleifera's potential for neuroprotection, emphasizing its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neurotransmitter-modulating qualities. Different parts of M. oleifera include leaves, roots, bark, and gum. Flowers, seeds, and seed oil are used for...

CONCLUSION: Moderate-intensity AE and LIM intermittent training likely have distinct cognitive benefits, though low-intensity activity is often included as a control group in exercise trials in aging.

Besides an elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), advanced age is one of the most crucial risk factors for developing glaucoma. βB1-Connective Tissue Growth Factor (βB1-CTGF) high-pressure glaucoma mice were used in this study to assess whether glaucoma mice display more inflammatory and aging processes than age-matched controls. Therefore, 20-month-old βB1-CTGF and corresponding wildtype (WT) controls were examined. After IOP measurements, retinas were processed for (immuno-)histological and...

Senescence is a state of indefinite cell-cycle arrest associated with aging, cancer, and age-related diseases. Here, we find that translational deregulation, together with a corresponding maladaptive integrated stress response (ISR), is a hallmark of senescence that desensitizes senescent cells to stress. We present evidence that senescent cells maintain high levels of eIF2α phosphorylation, typical of ISR activation, but translationally repress production of the stress response activating...